806 



Biome(s), 8, 63, 684 



concept, as applied to is- 

 lands, 583 

 relation to climatic zones, 

 583 

 serai aspects of, 571-577 

 terrestrial, minor, 595 

 world distribution, 580-597 

 pattern, 581, 582 

 Biome-type(s), 580, 583 

 marine, 595 

 tropical forest, 592 

 world distribution, 580-597 

 Biometricians, 27 

 Biometry, historical aspects, 



46, 54, 55 

 Bio-social facilitation, 395, 



410. See also Social. 

 Biosphere, 77, 148, 158, 729 

 Biota of soil, 225 

 Biotic balance, principle of, 

 507, 508 

 equilibrium, 710 

 factors, 57, 234, 697 



in relation to individuals, 

 227-262 

 potential, 61, 392 

 pressure, 235 

 region, distinguished from 



biome, 580 

 succession, 564, 565, 695 

 zonation, in mountains, 592, 

 646, 653, 660, 671 

 Biotope, 568 

 Birch, 699, 703 

 Bird(s), adaptation to en- 

 vironment, 652 

 body temperature, 98 

 clutch size, 701 

 colonies, 699 

 community adjustment, 723 



integration, 696 

 convergent evolution, 668, 



676 

 day-length and feeding, 126 

 diel periodicity, 548, 549 

 disoperation among, 699 

 ecotone, 478 

 feet, 164 



flight, 132, 136, 634 

 food habits, 517 

 of forest edge, 478 



stratification, 488, 489, 

 494, 495 

 grassland, 470, 668 

 ground-nesting, 699 

 habitat selection, 494, 495, 



659, 660 

 homing, magnetism and, 157 

 hurricane transport, 146 

 interspecies competition, 



726 

 leadership in, 415 



SUBJECT INDEX 



Bird(s), migration, 21, 99, 

 117, 118, 121, 157, 186, 

 238, 531, 539, 540, 541, 

 542, 552, 607, 608, 671, 

 672, 696 

 minimum breeding popula- 

 tion, 402 

 mortality, 647 

 mutualism, 251 

 nesting losses of, 334 

 nests, 494, 644, 657, 689, 

 691, 699, 701, 726, 727 

 North American-European 



waifs, 148 

 parasites, 703, 709 

 prairie, predation, 474 

 regressive evolution, 676 

 seasonal changes, 122 



distribution, 122 

 seed dispersal and, 715 

 sexual selection, 689 

 skeletal weight, 132 

 stratal abundance of, 489 

 equivalents in grassland 

 communities, 470 

 succession, 47 

 territorial behavior, 691 

 territories, 412 

 vitamin source, 128 

 Birge, E. A., 41, 51 

 Birge's thermocline rule, 94 

 Birth and death rates, 290, 

 293 

 rate, 287, 289 

 crude, 288 



species potential and, 27S 

 specific, 289 

 Birth-death ratio, 293 

 Bison honasus, 399, 400 

 Bjerknes theorem, 149, 150 

 Black Sea, oxygen lack, 193 

 Blattidae, 301, 487. See also 



Roaches. 

 Blissus, 208, 210, 211, 247, 



AlA, 475 

 Blood, cells, red, destruction 

 of, 344 

 evolutionary ecology, 171 

 groups, 264, 603 

 suckers, 241, 256, 696, 708. 

 See also Mosquitoes, 

 Tsetse flies. 

 Blood-worms, 453 

 Blytt-Semander hypothesis, 82, 



83 

 Bobwhite huddle, 398 

 Bodenheimer, F. S., 274 

 Bog(s) forest, 574, 577, 578 

 pH, 173 

 soils, 218 



succession, 573, 574 

 Bohr's invasion coefficient, 191 

 Boll weevil complex, 53 



Bone marrow, red, and tem- 

 perature, 120 

 Bonellia, sex determination, 



409, 410 

 Bones, 132, 677. See also 



Allometry, Morphology. 

 Bonitation, 209, 210 

 Botflies, 236 



Bottom characteristics, 159- 

 163 



communities, 159-163, 571, 

 632 



deposits, 160, 161 

 Brachiopoda, 680 

 Brain, 679, 686 

 Braun-Blanquet, J., 48 

 Breathing adaptations. See 



Respiration. 

 Breeding activity, 644 



Amphibia, latitudinal, 108 



cross, 613 



mammalian, photoperiodic- 

 ity, 124, 631 



population, minimum, 402, 

 403. See also Population 

 size. 



structure, efi"ect of, 602- 

 605, 606, 607, 608, 682, 

 685 

 Brentidae, 491 

 Bridges, land, 78, 148 

 Brooks, W. K., 54 

 Bruce, David, 28 

 Bruckner cycle, 85, 86 

 Bryocoles, water relations, 185 

 Bryophytes, 603 

 Bryozoa, 712 

 Bubonic plague, 337 

 Budding. See Colonization. 

 Buffers, 222, 601, 672. See 

 also Homeostasis, Insula- 

 tion. 



chemical, 173 

 Buffon, L. L. de, 17 

 Bug(s), 187, 188, 208, 210, 

 473, 512, 707. See also 

 Hemiptera. 



chinch. See Blissus. 



death feigning, 50 



squash, 474 

 Buoyancy, water, 136, 137 

 Buprestidae, 490, 491 

 Bureau of Animal Population, 



63, 269 

 Burrowers, 161, 163, 225-227, 



425, 439, 465, 666, 671, 



677, 679, 713. See also 



Wood eaters. 

 Burrowing, water saving, 185 

 Butterflies, 99, 134, 539, 669, 



670, 688, 715 



I 



