HARDVvOOD RECORD 



25 



ijualitios cxcfl .all the others when put through 

 tlu' s!ime tremmeut. There are other woods suit- 

 abh- for beniliug not mentioned here, that ean 

 be utilized to a good advantage. 



To make wood bending a sue('<'ss great i-are 

 should be used in seleeting the wood for the pur- 

 pose. By careful study of the above suggestions 

 mu<-h loss of time and labor may be avoided and 

 the percentage of breakage greatly reduced. 



In the bending process the impression is given 

 that the wood stretches, and there has been some 

 discussion on the point. Whenever wood com- 

 mences si retching it is iu its tirst stage of break- 

 ing. Successful bending is accomplished by the 

 wood contracting. To force this contraction it 

 becomes necessary to use a support to the side 

 Ihe strain is on and to hold the ends from giv- 

 ing. It will be seen from experiments that the 

 <)utside of tlie curve is still the same length, 

 while the inside is shortened. If it is dressed off 

 on the side with a sharp plane it will he seen 

 that the wood is j)ressed together and shows a 

 wrinkled appearance. Trace the wrinkles to the 

 edge of the upper or r<iund side and they run 

 out into the straight grain. It will thus be seen 

 that this protection is necessary and should be 

 made sut1i<'iently strong for the purpose. 



Woods of New South Wales. 



it is said that the forests of New South Wales 

 have an abundant supply of woods which are 

 so varied in nature as to supply practically the 

 re(|uirements of the markets of the world. The 

 hardwoods especially are said by experts to be 

 Iiarlicularly valuable. The colony engages to a 

 consideralile extent in the exportation of its 

 forest products, which may In;- taken as iiroof 

 of the foregoing statements. 



A wood wliich has lately aroused a great deal 

 of comment is mountain ash. which is admirably 

 adapted for the making of handles, for wagon 

 and carriage building, boat oars and sweeps and 

 numerous similar purposes, as it is light, tough 

 and very elastic. For these rea.sons it is claimed 

 that it should make a very satisfactory substitute 

 for .\merican ash. which is used almost univer- 

 sally for the purposes named, but which as is 

 only too well known here, is rapidly becoming 

 exhausted. 



.Mountain ash, as the name implies, is cssen- 

 lially a timber indigenous to mountain ranges, 

 and grows in abundance in the higher levels of 

 the southern table-lands, more particularly with- 

 in the snow belt of the county of Selwyn (Tu- 

 raut district), where one large forest re.serve 

 known as '"Bago" exists, containing an area of 

 upwards of 72. .500 acres, densely covered with 

 this vahiable' timber. This reserve is situated 

 about thirty-five miles by road from Tumut, and 

 will in the near future prove a source of great 

 ^'alue to the state. 



The Holland Veneering Company. 



■|"he Holland Veneering t'umpany. Holland, 

 ^lich.. has been organized to succeed the Michi- 

 gan Toy A: Novelty Works, w'hich had developed 

 into one of the best paying institutions in tliat 

 city. 



Lack of room and the desire to reach out for 

 more business prompted (he reorganization of the 

 I'ompany. The capital stock of the old concern 

 was largely increased, nearly all of which has 

 iieen subscribed. 



The company has acquired the two-story brick 

 factory building formerly occupied by the To- 

 ronto Shoe Company, and the equipment will be 

 moved from the West Eighth street factory to 

 the new location early this fall. Additional land 

 was purchased adjoining the hew building and 

 it is the plan of the company to build an addi- 

 tion to the new factory thereon. 



Some of Holland's most prominent business men 

 are identified with the new institution, for which, 

 judging from the almost phenomenal success of 

 its predecessor, a bright futuri' can be predicted. 



Kiln Drying of Tupelo. 



i'lie forest service has made a successful dcin 



onstration of kiln drying tupelo, the experiment 

 l>eing undiutaken in cooperation with a lumber 

 manufacturer iu Louisiana, who <Uals in tupelo. 

 and with a wagon manufacturer in Michigan. 

 The lural)er was i-nt in the former state and 

 shippi'd directly t<i tin' lalti'f, when' it was put 

 through till- dry kiln without iiri'liminaiy sea 

 si>ning. Tupelo is a W'ood suited to many coin- 

 niercial uses, and one to be pr<itilably lumbered 

 in connection with cypress, with which timber 

 it occurs. A drawback 10 the use of tupelo has 

 li thi' dirticulty of seasoning, sinci' it is sub- 

 ject to warping, checking and staining in the 

 seasoning process. Hence a denn)nstration of 

 su<-cess in kiln drying the wood without any of 

 these defects is of great value to the tupi'lo in 

 ilustry. 



In the experiments the kiln use<l is that liiuuMi 

 :is the blower type, operated on tlic ninisi air 

 principle of drying. The hot air is forced by 

 fans into the dry end, thence passes back through 

 the trucks of lumber to the wet end, and is re- 

 turned to the engine room through a large drying 

 chamber over the kiln itself. The whole structure 

 is as nearl.v air-tight as it can be made ; conse- 

 quently the saiue air, passing through the kiln 

 aiul hack over the steam-heating coils, is used 

 over and over again. The necessary moisture is 

 obtained from the green lumber as it is put intu 

 the wet end of the kiln. 



The lumber should enter a temperature of 

 ;iliiiut :i;', ilegrees I'ahrenheit at the wet end of 

 till' kiln. The temperature gradually increases as 

 the truck moves toward the dry end, where it 

 should stand iu a temperature of 140 degrees to 

 I0O degrees Fahrenheit for two or three days. 

 In the experiment described the average tem- 

 perature of the wet and dry ends was respec- 

 tively ys degrees and l.'io degrees Fahrenheit. 

 In this particular case the relative humidity at 

 wet and dry ends was S4 per ceut and '2'.} per 

 cent respectively. 



As has been demonstrated in air-drying, so in 

 kiln-drying, the correct piling of lumber is of 

 utmost importance. The piles on the trucks 

 shotild be arranged so that the spaces between 

 the hoards are not obstructed by adjacent courses, 

 but remain open so as to give an upw'ard vent 

 to aid the circulation of the drying air. This 

 can be accomplished by piling the wide boards 

 apart from the narrow' ones, or by laying the wide 

 boards so they do not extend over the open spaces. 

 The old method of piling narrow and wide boards 

 together so as to get horizontal and criss-cross 

 circulation is satisfactory in the open air where 

 there are strong winds; but in a kiln, with only 

 a few inches of space about the stack for air 

 circulation, the lumber must be piled as openly 

 as economical operation of the kiln will allow. 



The boards in this experiment were from 

 eight to twelve inches wide, one inch thick aiul 

 fourteen feet long. One truck was piled with 

 the cross strips twelve inches apart, and another 

 with strips eighteen inches apart. Equally good 

 results were obtained by both methods. The 

 lumber was in the kiln fifteen days, and when 

 taken out was dried satisfactorily without mold 

 ing. staining or stick-rotting. Only one board 

 was checked as much as one foot from the etid, 

 and none of the other boards showed checks more 

 than half an Inch in length at the ends, while 

 most were not cheeked at all. Five of the boards 

 on the top course were slightly warped. There 

 was a loss of 4,200 pounds, or one-third of the 

 green weight, and a shrinkage of 127.2 boarri 

 feet or 4.4 per cent of the original scale. 



The method here described is that regularly 

 used at this kiln in the drying of red gum, which 

 occupied other trucks at the same time. Thus 

 it was shown that the tupelo can be kiln-dried 

 by the same methods that are used for the red 

 gum and with equal success. 



There is now in preparation Forest Service Cir- 

 cular 40, a comprehensive treatment of the "Utili- 

 zation of Tupelo," which will soon be reaily for 

 ilislriliutioii. 



Miscellaneous Notes. 

 A new veneer plant will be erected at Spring- 

 Held. Mo. 



The .Mai-vel 1 'uniil iire Company is a new con 

 eern at .lameslown, .\. V. ; capital SlSll.tKiil. 



The Kendallville ilnd.i Furniture Company 

 will locale a new furniture plant at I'eru, Ind. 



Th.' Standard Veneer (•ompany of Stockhohu, 

 .Me., is building a new iilant at Winterville, Me. 



The Schmick Handle & I.umlier c<unpany has 

 been organized at KIkins, W. V.i. : eaiiital. .f2."i.- 

 iMin. 



'I'll' WilliHgliaiii Poor Couiiiauy lias lieen in- 

 corporated at Montgomery. .Ma.; capital. .^:!0,- 

 01)0. 



The Disbrow Sash & Hoor Company has been 

 organized at Cedar Itaiiiils, Iowa, witli .«2.-|.(MIU 

 capital. 



J'lie Wagon Stock iV; l.unilper Company has 

 lieen incorporated at .Nashville, Tenn. ; capital, 

 *1 0.000. 



Fire in the Natiimal \'cuieer Company's plant 

 at Charleston. W. \'a., lau.sed a loss of .f 1110,000 ; 

 no insiM'auce. 



The Eggers \'cnecu- Seating Company is mak- 

 ing extensive improvements and additions in its 

 plant at 1\vo Uivers. Wis. 



The Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Company 

 of Chicago has decided to I'rcct a woodworking 

 factory at Cassopolis, Mich. 



The piano factory belonging to II. 1'. Nelson 

 ,.V; Co.. at 177 isi iHvision street, Chicago, was 

 badly damage<l liy hi'c a few days ago. 



The II. Schwarzer .Manufacturing Cotnpany 

 has iTeen incorporated at St. Louis, Mo., to manu- 

 facture i)laln and embossed wooil mouldings. 



A. ,1. Brake. .1. M. Couchman. A. N. Couchman 

 and others have incorporated thi' Brake Handle 

 Comijany at Hough. Mo.; capital stock. .fl0,000. 



The Empire Chair Coiupany of Elizabethton, 

 Tenn., has increased its capital from .'S20.000 to 

 ifao.iioo. The plant will be enlarged and new 

 equipment added. 



Spokes, wheels, etc., will he manufactured by 

 the Eberley & Orris Manufacturing Company, 

 recenfl.v incorporated with .$12.j.00*> capital stock 

 at Mechanlcshurg, I'a. 



Harry M. (Menu and others of Seneca, N. Y., 

 have formed a company with a capital stock of 

 $30,000 to manufacture dump wagons. A new 

 fact<u'y will be erected. 



The Monroe Lumber Company of Monroe, 

 La., will begin work at once on tlie erection of 

 new buildings to take the place of some of those 

 destroyed by Are recently. 



The Kelsey Hickory Coiupany of Iietrolt has 

 been incorporated with a capital stock of ip')0,- 

 000. .Tohn Kelsey, Henry J. Herbert and W. II. 

 Hucharme are the directors. 



The E. D. Albro Company of Cincinnati, O.. 

 has been taken out of the hands of the receiver 

 and will henceforth be conducted under the style 

 of the .\lbro Veneer Company. 



-August Krauke, .lohn Zapf, H. I'. Suit and 

 F. M. Steele are the incorporators of the Zapf 

 Wagon & Lumber Company of North Benil, O. 

 The concern is capitalized at $10,IJOO. 



The Consolidated Furniture Company has been 

 incorporated at Greensboro, N. C with capital 

 if25O,000 to manufacture furniture. A new fac- 

 tory will be erected by the company shortly. 



The Faribault Furniture Company of Fari- 

 bault, Minn., is erecting a large addition to its 

 factory there. The building will be three stories 

 and basement and 00 by 70 feet in dimensions. 



The Northern Pacltlc Itailroad Company h:is 

 decided on the erection of a plant at Brainerd, 

 .Minn., for preserving tb-s and timber. The 

 l>uilding and machinery, it is said, will cost 

 .■i;7.'j,iiiio. 



The Rock Falls Butter Tub Compan.v. recently 

 incorporated at Kock Falls, HI., with $l.s.000 

 capital, will build an addition to its plant SO by 

 100 feet in dimensions and install machinery for 

 the exclusive manufacture of butter tubs. 



