April 3, 1920 



HOETICULTUKii 



271 



Harvard Botanical Gardens but it was 

 not until after the Civil War that or- 

 chids began to be appreciated and 

 grown in large quantities like other 

 plants. 



Among pioneers in this country we 

 can note such names as Louis Men- 

 and of Albany, N. Y., a grand old 

 Frenchman that loved his orchids as 

 much as his cacti; George Such, Perth 

 Amboy, N. Y.; Henry A. Siebrecht, 

 New Rochelle, N. Y.; Mr. Bush, Tre- 

 mont, N. Y., and Mr. Mathews of 

 Utica. The above were growing or- 

 chids commercially, while among tne 

 private growers we find in the early 

 days such names as Erastus Corning 

 of Albany, N. Y., who had at one time 

 the largest and finest collection of or- 

 chids in cultivation, especially rich in 

 Phalaenopsis including the Unique 

 Phalaenopsis Harriettae, besides a 

 fine collection of Odontoglossum 

 which were grown quite successfully. 

 Mr. F. L. Ames of North Easton 

 Mass. had an unsurpassed collection of 

 orchids, growing Odontoglossums and 

 Masdevallias to perfection. This col- 

 lection contained a good many rare 

 and unique specimens which were 

 always seen at the flower shows of the 

 Massachusetts Horticultural bociety. 

 Mr. H. H. Hunnewell of Wellesley, 

 Mass. had a good representative col- 

 lection of orchids among his remark- 

 able plants. Mr. D. S. Brown of St. 

 Louis, Mo., had a collection which has 

 been donated to the Missouri Botanical 

 Gardens of St. Louis. 



Other amateurs in the early days 

 were, Mrs. Jack Gardner, of Brook- 

 line, Mr. Rooert C. Pratt of Water- 

 town, Mr. Payson of Watertown, and 

 Mr. Gilmore of North Easton. The 

 growers of these establishments, 

 Wm. Robinson, F. L. Harris, David 

 Allan, Robert Bottomley and Thomas 

 Greaves, were keen competitors at all 

 the shows of the Massachusetts Horti- 

 cultural Society, although the prizes 

 then offered were not larger than 

 those offered for a head of lettuce or 

 an apple. Many of the specimens 

 then shown have never been excelled. 

 Other amateurs of the early days 

 days were Mr. De Witt Smith of Lee, 

 Mass., who gathered a wonderful col- 

 lection of Cypripediums, Miss Morgan 

 of New York City, Mr. Smith of Troy, 

 N. Y., who has grown some wonderful 

 Cymbidiums and Ceelogyne out of 

 doors during summer, Dr. Brigham of 

 San Francisco, Cal. and Mr. Dinsmore 

 of Staatsburgh, N. Y. 



Miss Baldwin of Philadelphia, Pa., 

 grew for a number of years a choice • 

 collection of Orchids in her green- 

 houses and displayed same in a special 

 conservatory facing Chestnut street, 

 where thousands of passersby enjoyed 

 their beauty. Mrs. Geo. Wilson of 



Philadelphia, Pa., had a fine collection 

 of Cypripediums, while the late Mr. 

 Roebling of Trenton, N. J., had a very 

 representative collection which in- 

 cluded many choice varieties and hy- 

 brids. 



Mr. Henry Graves of Orange, N. J., 

 had a large collection of Cypripediums 

 and other Orchids. Other New Jersey 

 collections were those of Mr. 3. W. 

 James and Mr. H. Mckay Twombly 

 both of Madison, N. J. 



Coming to the years of 1880 to 1890 

 Orchids had quite an impetus. Mr. De 

 Forest of Summit, N. J., had imported 

 large quantities of Orchids for cut 

 flower purposes and was really the pio- 

 neer in growing Orchids for cut flower 

 purposes. Shortly after Pitcher & 

 Manda of Short Hills, N. J., had as- 

 sembled the largest collection of Or- 

 chids in the world, with a unique col- 

 lection of Cypripediums and all the 

 leading varieties of Orchids by the 

 thousands, while every Botanical Or- 

 chid procurable was represented by 

 some specimens. 



Commercially the largest quantity of 

 Orchids numbering over one hundred 

 thousand plants are grOwn now by 

 Thomas Young, Bound Brook, N. J., 

 who grows them especially for cut 

 flower purposes. In this establishment 

 a large number of seedlings are being 

 raised both of natural species as well 

 as hybrids. However, they are mostly 

 of Cattleyas and allied Generas such as 

 Laelia, Brassavola and such class of 

 plants. 



Lager & Hurrell of Summit, N. J., 

 Geo. Baldwin of Mamaroneck, N. Y., 

 L. Carrillo of Mamaroneck, N. Y., are 

 Orchid specialists and do not grow 

 other plants. Other firms growing a 

 quantity of Orchids either for sale as 

 plants or cut flowers are J. T. Butter- 

 worth of So. Framingham, Mass., 

 Frank Dolansky of Lynn, Mass., 

 Thomas Roland of Nahant, Mass., Jos- 

 eph Manda Co. of West Orange, N. J., 

 Thomas Jones of Short Hills, N. J., 

 Herman Komische of Secaucus, N. J., 

 Fred Burki of Pittsburgh, Pa., Jos. 

 Heacock of Philadelphia, Pa., Alphonse 

 Pericat of Collingwood, Pa., Poehl- 

 mann Bros, of Chicago, 111., Ferrari 

 Bros, and Carbonne of San Francisco, 

 Cal. The Dale Estate, Brampton, Ont., 

 is the main Orchid grower in Canada. 

 Beside these establishments tnere 

 are thousands of commercial growers 

 that grow anywhere from 100 to 1000 

 Orchids in their establishments. 



Orchid hybridization began about 

 1S85 and the first hybrid Orchid ot 

 American Origin, Cypripedium Ar- 

 noldianum (Cypripedium Concolor and 

 Cypripedium Superbiens) was exhib- 

 ited by Pitcher & Manda before this 

 Society in 1890 followed by other hy- 

 brids. 



ROSES 



OWN ROOT 



20.(M)0 BUSSELI, 214 inrb plants from 



2 and 3 Eye Cuttings. 



E.vcellent Condition Now. 



»:>.l.oa per 100, $100.00 per 1000. 



10,000 AMERICAN BEAUTIES. 2V2 inch. 



EXTRA STRONG PLANTS. 



Ready Now. 



$20.00 per 100, $100.00 per 1000. 



The abo\e varieties are scarce; better 



order now. 



Write for Complete List of Roses. 



C. U. LIGGIT 



Wholesale Pluntsnmn 

 Bulletin Building PHILADELPHIA 



ORCHIDS 



W* rrow and Mil nothing bat ORCHIDS. 

 If you are In the market for thU class wt 

 plants w* respectfully solicit your lngulrl«« 

 and order*. Special lists on applloatloB. 



LAGER & HURRELL. Summit. N. J. 



STRAWBERKY AND BASPBERRY 

 I LANTS 



I have been selling 

 plants since 1S70. 

 There has been put 

 onto the market in 

 that time 2G0O named 

 varieties, you can 

 count your tlngers 

 and you will have 

 all the best ones. 



You will not throw 

 my Catalogue into 

 the waste basket 

 after you have read 

 It. The average strawberry yield in the 

 U. S. A., to 8" acre is 2000 quarts. On 

 page 1.5 I will show you how to multiply 

 this by four. The finest berry this side of 

 Texas. I have EOO.OOO Plants ot the How- 

 ard 17. C. S. P RATT, Athol. Mass. 



Cultural methods have changed a 

 great deal since the mystery in which 

 Orchid culture was shrouded in the 

 early beginning of Orchid Culture in 

 this country as well as Europe was dis- 

 pelled. It was found that there was 

 no necessity of building special houses 

 in which to grow Orchids and that the 

 plants delighted in plenty ot light, air 

 and considerable sunshine. 



The Orchid material, especially peat, 

 was imported from Europe, while now 

 thousands of barrels are exported to 

 England, France and Belgium. In the 

 early days of Orchid Culture the Amer- 

 ican growers depended solely on 

 Europe, especially England, for their 

 supply of plants, but since the eight- 

 ies direct importations were made to 

 the United States from different parts 

 of the tropics in such a quantity that 

 at times Orchids were exported to 

 Europe. 



Several Orchid Collectors left United 

 States for the tropics and have suc- 

 cessfully shipped great quantities of 

 Orchids into the United States and 

 such men as John E. Lager, Livings- 

 ton, De Buck, Sachse, Massmann, Car- 

 rillo and others were pioneers in that 

 line which has now been brought to a 

 stand still on account of the unreason- 

 able Quarantine No. 37. 



