24 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



INTERIOR OF SAWMILL 



plete plow is dipped into the paint tanks for 

 the priming coat and additional coats of mul- 

 ti-colored paint, together with the finishing 

 coat of varnish. The paint shop is two 

 stories in height and upon the second floor 

 of the building the plows are suspended by 

 trolley wires to dry. When the implements 

 are thoroughly dry, the wires upon which 

 they are suspended convey them to the ware- 

 house by means of concrete galleries, which 

 connect the paint shop with the big building 

 for storage purposes. 



The warehouse is one of the most important 

 adjuncts of the plow manufacturing plant and 

 is often the biggest building in the plant. 

 Fireproof throughout, with five floors and five 

 electric elevators, the Avery warehouse is 

 admirably suited for storing from one thou- 

 sand to twelve hundred carloads of plows, and 

 exceptional facilities for prompt delivery are 

 provided. The shipping platform extends 

 along one entire side of the warehouse, provid- 

 ing easy accommodations for ten freight ears 

 at one time. The five electric elevators tap 

 every part of the big structure and plows are . 

 promptly delivered upon the platform as 

 quickly as may be desired. 



lit a modern farm implement plant, espe- 

 cial care is given to the rapid transportation 

 of lumber from the yards to the woodworking 

 department. Electric trolleys carry the stock 

 in record time from the most distant parts of 

 the yard to the planers and shapers in the 

 woodworking room, and every trolle^ is op- 

 erated by an individual motor. This plan is 

 carried out in the woodworking lepartment 

 also, for every saw, planer or borer is oper- 

 ated by its own motor, thus doing away with 

 any reliance upon a main plant, which would 

 tie up the entire works in case of a break- 

 down. 



In the lumber yard, fire hydrants are scat- 

 tered at intervals of about fifty feet, and 

 regulation fire hose; such as is used by metro- 

 politan fire departments, is provided. Pres- 

 sure for water is afforded by means of pres- 

 sure pumps, also for the private use of the 

 plant and the steam in the pumps is kept f,t 

 the necessary level every minute in the year. 

 Corps of workmen are trained by an es])ert 

 fireman. 



An economical device for the consumption 

 of all waste, such as sawdust, shavings, etc., 

 from the woodworking departments, is found 



in a blast, which carries all waste through an 

 immense galvanized pipe to the furnaco.s, 

 which supply steam in the boilers. This blast 

 has tremendous force, and the shavings and 

 waste are whirled through the pipe to the 

 fires, supplying unlimited draft and also util- 

 izing the waste product to run various por- 

 tions of the plant. 



In a big implement manufacturing plant, 

 the utmost care is given to the arrangement 

 of materials so that they do not conflict. At 

 the Avery plant, the lumber yards, sawmill 

 and woodworking departments are located in 

 the southern portion of the plant. The steel 

 parts are forged and east in foundries at the 

 eastern portion and the pig iron and other 

 foundries of the plant are located at the 

 northern extremity. Klectric trolleys convey 

 these various materials to the assembling room 

 for various implements, which is located in the 

 heart of the plant, and the finished products 

 go thence to the warehouse and shipping de- 

 partment on the west boundary. 



The material for this article was furnished 

 by Charles F. Huhlein, vice-president and gen- 

 eral manager of B. F. Avery & Sons. This 

 concern is now occupying their magnificent 

 new plant at the intersection of the Seventh 

 street road and the Southern railroad cross- 

 ing, Louisville, Ky. The plant is, perhaps, 

 the largest factory used exclusively for the 

 manufacture of plows in the world, and is 

 now running full blast. The photographs 

 are also of the Avery plant. 



The Wagon Oak Situation in England 



The following comment on the situation In 

 wagon oak planks which recently appeared in 

 the Timber News and Sawmill Engineer of Liver- 

 pool, Jul.v 23, will be interesting to the trade on 

 this side, as there has been so much controversy 

 with the foreign trade over satisfactory shipping 

 regulations on this commodity : 



Wagox Oak Import and De.mand 



The importation of wagon oak planks con- 

 tinues to exceed the demand. Wagon builders 

 are, speaking broadly, fairly busy Just now, other- 

 wise the position, so far as this branch of the 

 trade is concerned, would be as unsatisfactory as 

 others. The question of what is and what is not 

 a first quality plank is as .vet unsettled In the 

 sense that rejections have to be made from so- 

 called shipments of first quality stock. The chief 

 manufactuiers and shippers of wagon oak planks 

 in the States have done something to try to 

 solve this matter, and have suggested a confer- 

 ence with the chief interested parties on this 

 side, at the same time sending a copy of the 



inspection rules they had adopted. This is all 

 very well in itself, but we would point out that 

 in order to solve and settle this question it is 

 necessary for shippers to have some regard to 

 the views and wishes of their customers. In 

 fact the shippers in effect say you must take 

 what we choose to gire you. Then again, they 

 lay emphasis on being placed at the "mercy" of 

 inspectors for wagon builders. This is anything 

 but a fair way to deal with facts. Wagon build- 

 ers are naturally particular as to what stock 

 they take, and we venture to say that if our 

 friends on the other side of the Atlantic would 

 pay a little more attention and see that each 

 parcel shipped was really first quality, then at 

 least three parts of the present difficulties would 

 immediately disappear, without the assistance of 

 any fresh cast-iron grading rules. The question 

 of sending forward lumber to the various grades 

 is always approached by shippers on the assump- 

 tion that they invariably export quite up to such 

 i-Tading rules, whereas they frequently fail — anfl 

 I hey know it — in this respect. Our remarks with 

 regard to wagon oak planks apply to other lum- 

 ber from the United States, and we are sure that 

 a great deal of trouble, much unpleasantness, and 

 frequent loss to agents and importers on this 

 side would be got rid of if shippers would make It 

 their business to send the lumber up to standard 

 grades. 



Practical Forestry Pocket Book. 



S. H, Godman of Eiizabethtown, Ky., has just 

 issued a practical little primer on forestry and 

 the rudiments of lumbering which will undoubt- 

 edly prove of interest to anybody connected with 

 cither. The book is small enough to hi easily 

 carried in the pocket, and is well printed and put 

 i:p in neat style. It contains such information 

 as methods for the protection of timber, various 

 rules for log measure, rules for estimating stand- 

 ing timber, for felling trees and for measuring 

 lumber, and also takes up in detail the character- 

 istics of several common timber species. Of espe- 

 cial interest is a rule for measuring logs, which 

 the writer claims to be deduced from Scribner- 

 Doyle rules, and is as follows : 



"To find the contents in lumber, board measure, 

 that any size log of any diameter or length will 

 produce, subtract four from the diameter, multi- 

 ply this result by half the remainder, and this 

 by the length of the log and divide by eight. 

 The answer will be the number of feet in the 

 log." 



Mr. Godman, while not claiming that the book 

 has any particular merit as a technical publica- 

 tion on forestry, still makes his appeal to the 

 practical lumberman on the ground that no man 

 knows everything, and adds that his attempt Is 

 rather to enlighten small owners of timber land 

 on the common practices of forestry and prac- 

 tical lumbering. 



To Develop Big South Carolina Tract 

 The Williams-McKcithan Lumber Corporation 

 has undertaken the development of a big tract 

 of timber near Lumber, Darlington county, South 

 Carolina, The company is composed of J. Morti- 

 mer, Jr., formeily in charge of the W. M. Ritter 

 Lumber Company of Columbus, 0., in the South 

 Carolina territory, and R. L. Gilliam, formerly 

 sales manager of this big concern. These men 

 have substantial interests in the company ; Mr. 

 Mortimer is general manager in charge of the 

 operations in South Carolina, and Mr. Gilliam 

 is to assume the position of sales manager In 

 charge of selling the company's output. The 

 company's timber holdings contain 250,000,00() 

 I'eet of high-class gum, cypress, oak and pine. 

 It has installed a double band mill that is al- 

 ready in operation turning out more than a mil- 

 lion and a half feet of stock monthly. The mill 

 has excellent shipping facilities and in the hands 

 of these expei-ienced lumbermen the operation 

 will no doubt prove a success. 



