Markihg of Woodcock in Northumberland 251 



Chad in Central Africa, down to Basutoland, Rhodesia, 

 and Natal in South Africa, from all of which places 

 rings have been returned bearing the Rossitten or Viborg 

 superscription stamped upon them, this route being 

 almost due south. A few have passed more east, through 

 Austria and into Asia Minor, entering Africa via Egypt, 

 as shown by rings returned from south-east of Damascus, 

 in Syria, and the Sudan. This migration of the white 

 stork is an immense one, covering as it does a distance 

 of more than 5,500 miles, which is the distance in a 

 straight line from their summer nesting-place in East 

 Prussia or Denmark, where they are marked as nestlings, 

 to their winter quarters in Natal, Rhodesia, and 

 Basutoland, so that in their double migration they 

 must cover no less a distance than eleven thousand 

 miles, taking a straight line from point to point. 



Herr Mortensen has also been very successful in his 

 marking of teal in Denmark, and from his returns we 

 learn that the autumn migration of this small and sport- 

 ing duck is in a south-westerly direction, many of them 

 passing almost due west, as is shown by the number of 

 rings recovered from Ireland. In 1907 he marked 102 

 on the island of Fanoe, in South Denmark, and up to 

 the end of 1908 22 of these had been recovered, with one 

 exception, in the winter, 10 of these, or nearly half, 

 being in Great Britain, 7 in France between the Loire 

 and the Gironde, 2 in Holland, 1 in the South of Spain, 

 and another in the North of Italy. 



That swallows and martins return to nest in the same 

 place year after year is shown by an adult and nesting 

 house-martin marked at Rossitten in July, 1906, being 

 recaptured in the nest within a few yards of the same 

 place in July, 1909, and also by an adult and resting 

 swallow marked in Kent in May, 1909, being recap- 

 tured at the same house on its arrival there in April, 

 1910, where it announced its return by falling down a 

 chimney. The autumn migration of these birds from 

 this country seems to be due south, as witnessed by two 

 marked in North Lancashire being picked up dead in 

 Surrey and at Villedon, Indre-et-Loire, France, both 



