SCALE-WINGED INSECTS 



317 



caterpillar is reddish, and feeds on primroses. It is not 

 a very abundant species in England. 



The third family is represented in I^ritain by three 

 very distinct sections of rather small butterflies, the 

 largest of which scarcely measures more than an inch and 

 a half across the wings. These are the Hair-STREaks 

 (brown, with light lines on the under surface of the 

 wings, and a short tail on the hind wings, except in 

 the Green Hair-streak, so named from the green under 

 surface of the vvingsj ; the small Ulue BUTTERFLIES, which 

 generally have brown females ; and the Coppers, the only common 

 species of which measures about an inch across the wings. The 

 fore wings are bright copper)- red, with dark brown spots and borders, 



and the hind wings are dark brown, 

 with a coppery red border, spotted 

 outsiiie with black. The small 

 copper butterfly and some 

 ; ofthebluesare 



common in meadows 

 and gardens. 



P*oro by ur. SaviUt-Ktnt, 

 F.Z.S., Milfard-tn-Sia 



new guinea 



golden 



butterfly 



A remarkable andrecen:ly 

 diic^j'vered swalloiu- 

 tailed butterjiy 



Many of the members of 



the fourth family are of a 



white or yellow colour, 



among which are 



the destructive 



«— ^ .,^_-^ —^^ White 



C A B - 



BAGE-BUTTER- 



FLIES, three 



species of which are 



very common in England, 



where the)' ma)- be seen 



every garden throughout 



summer. The photograph on page 716 



represents one of these at rest. A prettier 



species is the Orange-TIP, which is common 



in spring. The underside of the hind wings is 



mottled with green ; and there is a bright orange 



spot before the tip of the fore wing, both above and below. - 



Some of the South American butterflies of this family much 



resemble the Long-winged Butterflies of the same country. 



The family of the SwALLOW-TAlLED BUTTERFLIES includes 

 a considerable number of large and handsome species, but they are not numerous in Europe, 

 and only one black-and-yellow species, measuring 3 inches across the wings, is found in 

 England, where it is now almost confined to the fens of the south-eastern counties ; its 

 green caterpillar, with transverse black bands spotted with orange, feeds on carrot, fennel, 

 and other similar plants. All the caterpillars of this family are remarkable for possessing a 

 retractile fork on the neck; but the butterflies do not all possess the long appendage to the 

 hind wings which has given some of them the name of Swallow-tails. Thus it is wanting in 

 most of the great Bird-wingED BUTTERFLIES of the Eastern Islands, one of which, the Crcesus 

 Butterfly, is represented in the Coloured Plate. The great difference between the sexes is 



rtlMt hy IV. Savillr-K'nl, F.X.S., 

 Milford-on-Sea 



AUSTRALIAN BUTTERFLIES 



Emerging Jrom their pupa 



