LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. 



Washington, March 11, 1887. 



General: I bave the honor to transmit herewith a report upon the Natural History Col- 

 lections made in Alaska by Mr. E. W. Nelson, during the years 1S77 to 1881, intended to form 

 No. Ill of the Arctic Series of Publications of the Signal Ofiflce. 



It seems ]U'oper to add a brief statement of the manner iu which the volume has been pre- 

 pared and my owu connection with it. 



Upon his return from Alaska iu 1881, Mr. Nelson at once began work upon the ornitJiological 

 ])ortion of the present volume, intending later to take up reports upon his collections of Mammals 

 and Fishes. The ornithological report was well advanced towards completion when failing health, 

 directly traceable to exposure in the North, compelled an abrupt cessation of labor and an imme- 

 diate departure of Mr. Nelson for the West, where he has siuce resided. Meantime the entire 

 subject of the nomenclature of North American Birds has been revised, and a check list issued 

 by the American Ornithological Union. In addition a number of reports upon, and partial lists 

 of, Alaska birds bave been issued. It thus seemed very desirable that Mr. Nelson's report upon 

 Alaskan birds, covering, as was intended, the whole territory, should be revised and brought up 

 to date. 



At Mr. Nelson's request, and in accordance with the wishes of the Chief Signal OfQcer, the 

 writer has undertaken to do this, and in addition to supervise editorially the whole volume. 

 The chapters on Mammals and Fishes have been prepared by Mr. Frederick VV.True and Dr. Tarle- 

 ton H. Bean, both ■well known authorities ni)on their respective subjects, Mr. Nelson furnishing 

 the field-notes in both cases. Mr. W. H. Edwards has added a chapter upon the Diurnal Lepidoptera 

 collected by Mr. Nelson, an introduction to which is furnished by the latter. 



The results of Mr. Nelson's investigation embodied in the present volume will prove, it is 

 believed, a valuable contribution to our knowledge of the natural history of Alaska, both on 

 account of the extent of his collections and the able and faithful manner in which his field obser- 

 vations were made. 



It is greatly to be regretted that Mr. Nelson was unable to complete his reports as he intended, 

 and to give the manuscript the final finishing touches, for the lack of which no editorial super- 

 vision, however careful, can fully compensate. Acting in his editorial capacity, the present writer 

 has not hesitated to amend and change in the ornithological chapter wherever later and fuller 

 information required, and thus he shares to a considerable extent the responsibility of authorship. 

 The field observations and the general deductions have been left practically as Mr. Nelson wrote 

 them. 



H. W. HENSHAW. 



Chief Signal Officer, U. S. Ar3iy, 



Washington, 1>. C 

 S. Mis. 15G 2 o 



