FISHES. 317 



32861. (61.) Andraevsky, March, 1878. 

 YouiKj Xelma. — Entire undersurface and sides -silvery wliite above the lateral Hue, chaugiug to 

 steel blue. The dorsal line olive, al.so the top of head the same. Tail, dorsal, and adipose dorsal 

 olive ; the other fins colorless. 



32924. (116.) Audraevsky, wiuter of 1677-'78. 



WMtefish (Nelma of the Eussian traders). — Specimens of this fine Whiteiish were seen from 

 various points along the Yukon, also on the Kuskoquim and from Kotzebue Sound. They are 

 taken abundantly in the brackish water at the mouth of the Yukon at certain seasons and often 

 in tide creeks about Saint Michaels. In spring about the time the ice is running down the Yukon 

 this fish runs for a few days up all of the tributaiy streams that communicate with small lakes, 

 where the Nelma passes the summer. In autumn about the time the Yukon freezes over they run 

 back again and are caught abundantly for a few weeks iu fyke-trai)S up as high as Auvik at least. 

 They reach a large size, frequently weighing from 35 to 40 pounds. These fish are taken with hook 

 as well as in traps and nets. 



42. Salvelinus malma (Walb.). Salmon Tvont t-la-thJuli-inlc). 



32805. (12f.) Golsova River, October 2,'), 1ST8. 

 i Salmon Trout, from Golsova Kiver, October 25, 1878. 



The interior of the mouth is black ; but when fully opened, exposing the partially concealed 

 membranes at the angles, under the tongue and the branchiostegals, these surfaces appear white. 



32910. (127.) Golsova River, October 25, 1878. 



Is a 9 of the same species, but the colors have faded on the spots, &c. The spots were white 

 two days after her capture aud the body uniform steel-blue, with a rosy tint on flauks and pale 

 yellowish white on ventral surface. The head is colored like the body, with an olive shading on 

 the upper surface. Pectorals fleshy brown. Ventrals pinkish white, bordered on outer extremity. 

 Anal like ventrals. Dorsal, adipose dorsal, aud tail bluish-olive. Eye golden-yellow. 

 32;ill, 32:a2. (I23, 129.) Golsova River, October 25, 187?. 



Appear to be exactly like 127, except being a trifle smaller aud, as usual in the Salmonidw, 

 slenderer, aud with more obtuse nose in consequence. Traces of pink aud ro.«e show along the 

 sides of abdomen and faiut pink is visible on most of the lateral spots. 



The lateral line extends iu a straight line the entire length on both specimens. 



The first of June, 1877, Salmon Trout were rather numeroas about the mou ths of streams 

 flowing into the bay at Unalaska, and young ones from 2 to 3 inches long were numerous in the 

 creeks. Salmon Trout ruu iu the Yukon aud other streams with the salmon iu Juue and July, 

 but are most numerous iu fall just before aud after the streams freeze over. Few are taken later 

 than November and from then until the ice leaves iu spring. They are abundant and widely 

 distributed. They are taken, like the salmou, in nets or traps. During August, 1881, we found 

 the natives taking them iu gill-nets along the north coast of Siberia. The last of September, 1881, 

 we caught a number of trout iu the streams flowing into the bays about Unalaska. Only small 

 examples could be taken with a hook baited with salmon-eggs, but specimens weighing as much as 

 a pound or more were readily secured with a brown hackle. They are game and oft'cr good sport 

 on favorable days. 



43. Onoorhynchus chouiciia, (Walb.). Kiug Salmou, Chowichee Salmou (Tagil. 

 shtU-whiU). (Plate XXI). 



32846. (15.) Saint Michaels, July 20, 1877. 



King Salmon {Choicecha, Eussian; Tagesha}:hj)ul-, Esk.). — Length, 38 inches: depth, 8^. 



Color, bright silvery on sides aud below, becoming nearly white on abdomen. The back aud top 



of head a clear olive greenish. This species is takeu along the shore of Xorton Sound immediately 



after the ice disappears iu spring, my earliest date being June 0, 1877. Ou the Lower Yukon, up, 



