Cope,] ^v) [May 16, 



to that of the anterior root of the large first true molar. Its section is a 

 wide oval. The base of the second true molar is not longer than that of 

 the first true molar. The external wall of the maxillary bone is broken so 

 that the position of the infraorbital foramen cannot be positively ascer- 

 tained. A narrow groove, which may be a part of the infraorbital canal, 

 is exposed, and is continued forwards to a point anterior to the first pre- 

 molar, where it probably issues. If this be a correct inference, its posi- 

 tion is anterior to that observed in the Mexican specimen. The palatine 

 foramen issues opposite the anterior root of the first true molar. In the 

 Holomeniscus hesternus this foramen issues opposite the fourth premolar's 

 internal root. 



The fragment of mandible is the anterior part of the left ramus, includ- 

 ing the premolar and half the symphysis. The fundi of the anterior alve- 

 oli onlji are preserved. That of the canine is smaller than those of the in- 

 cisor teeth, and is close to that of the external incisor. The mental fora- 

 men is large, and is situated posterior to the mouth of the alveolus of the 

 canine. The symphysis is not coossifled. The alveolar edge of the dias- 

 tema is narrow, and presents a narrow vertical parapet outwards, which 

 makes an angle with the external convex side of the ramus. The inferior 

 outline below the diastema is a little concave. The roots of the premolar 

 are well separated. The crown is lost. The coronoid process, supposed 

 to belong to the same species, is like that of the llama, near the condyle, 

 and is quite elevated. It maintains its anteroposterior width to near the 

 summit. Anterior edge rounded, the bevel extending on the external face 

 towards its base. The posterior rotula of the condyle is median, and not 

 on one side as in the llama and in the camel. The anterior part of the face 

 presents forwards as in the llama, and is not so much expanded as in the 

 camel. The petrous bone is as large as that of the camel, and has a more 

 widely open styloid fossa, which is directed more inwards in the down- 

 wards direction. The face also for the paroccipital process approaches 

 much more nearly to its fundus than in either the camel or the llama. 



Measurements. M. 



Long diameter of alveolus of superior P-m. iv 009 



M. i 036 



M. ii 038 



" " " inferior P-m. iv 022 



Length of inferior postcanine diastema 070 



Depth of ramus at middle diastema 0.35 



" " P-m.iv 045 



It still remains to be ascertained whether this Oregon Eschatius belongs 

 to the species that is found in the Pliocene beds of the valley of Mexico. 

 Eschatius longirostris, sp. nov. 



This llama is known to me from a right mandibular ramus, which is 

 broken off behind the last molar tooth, and which supports the symphyseal . 

 portion of the left ramus, less its external wall. In size this species is be- 



