Stevenson.] X^\> [Nov. 21, 



gap of Wolf creek at the north, by which the road from Jefferson ville 

 enters. The immediately underlying rocks of the enclosure are Trenton, 

 while Hudson and Medina are shown in the Garden mountain. 



The Copper Creek Fault and the Elk Garden Anticlinal. 



The Copper Creek fault of the writer's previous memoir was observed in 

 Russell county on the Abingdon and Wise Court-House pike, at a little way 

 from the summit between Tarr's fork of Moccasin creek and a petty branch 

 of Copper creek. The fault is clear because of repetition of the section, 

 and its place is indicated by abrupt steepening of the dip. The line was 

 not followed eastward from that locality, but the fault certainly disappears 

 before Little Cedar creek has been reached, ten miles further east, for there 

 it is represented by two close anticlinals, or by an anticlinal with chan- 

 neled crest. In the Elk Garden, three miles east from Lebanon, this anti- 

 clinal is crossed by the Fincastle pike, near Mrs. Smith's house, where it 

 brings up the ferriferous beds at the top of the Knox group ; it is distinct 

 as a triple-crested fold passing just south from Liberty in Tazewell county. 

 It passes near Jeffersonville in the same county, and is crossed by the pike 

 at the school-house, about four miles east from Jeffersonville. The course 

 of this axis varies somewhat under the influence of the Loop and Cove 

 anticlinals, so that beyond Jeffersonville it is little more than north of east. 

 This fold is interesting only in that it illustrates the disappearance of a fault 

 in an anticlinal. The Trenton and Knox alone cross it, all newer beds 

 having been removed by erosion. 



The House and Barn Synclinal. 



This trough lies directly northward from the Elk Garden anticlinal, and 

 appears to be practically co-extensive with it. Some indefinite flexures of 

 Trenton and Knox beds were seen in Scott county, very near the line 

 which this synclinal, if continuous, would follow ; but the first real trace 

 is found in Russell county, between the Wise Court-House road and Old 

 Russell court-house, on the way to Osborn's ford. It is thoroughly distinct 

 at six miles further eastward, where the Mill creek and Abingdon roads 

 unite at Little Cedar creek, about two miles west from Lebanon, where it 

 holds the upper or clayey limestones of the Trenton. It passes imme- 

 diately north from Lebanon, and is distinct on Little Cedar creek, near the 

 road leading to Nash's ford. At both localities it is shallow and double, 

 but its rapid deepening eastward is shown on the road leading from Black's 

 ford to Rosedale ; while immediately east from that road it holds a narrow 

 ridge, House and Barn mountain, which carries a slender crest of Medina. 

 This mountain, lying at about a mile and a half north from the Fincastle 

 pike, is cut off by the Maiden Fork of Clinch river ; but, within two miles 

 beyond that stream, the Medina ridge again begins, now under the name 

 of Paint Lick mountain, and continues for nearly twelve miles, when it 

 is cut off bj^ Plum creek, a tributary to Clinch river. Paint Lick is no 

 doubt a double synclinal even at its western extremity, but this was not 



