1884.] 14:J [Stevenson. 



crosses Little Cedar creek. There the dip is reversed, and the same beds 

 are shown in Lebanon. This is the House and Barn synclinal, which, 

 however, is double as a second synclinal is crossed by the Finoastle pike 

 at a little way east from Lebanon. The northerly synclinal is crossed 

 again by Little Cedar creek near the second house north from the pike on 

 the road leading to Nash's ford. Thence ou that road the rocks rise regu- 

 larly to the top of Copper ridge. The white chert underlying the marbles 

 rises with the road to the top of the ridge, and its fragments in the deep 

 red detritus cover the surface. This rock bears very close resemblance to 

 the upper layers of the Medina, both in mode of weathering and in frac- 

 ture ; so that one unacquainted with the true condition might readily sup- 

 pose Medina present along this line. The top of the ridge is a synclinal, 

 or, if not, the rocks have no perceptible dip, for the fragments of chert are 

 abundant along the road for half a mile. They characterize the crest of 

 Copper ridge in Scott county. Brown hematite is abundant. It was mined 

 forty years ago by Dougherty, who had a small forge on Cedar creek 

 above Mr. John Stinson's house. Shales are exposed all the way from 

 the summit of the ridge to Stinson's, where limestones are reached 

 again. 



The shales of the Knox group are shown on the north side of Clinch 

 river, at Nash's ford, where, though crumpled as badly as the laminae of 

 gneiss or mica schist, they show no signs of metamorphism. The road 

 from Nash's lord to the head of Robinson fork of Lewis creek crosses 

 Thompson creek and follows Breeze fork of that stream to its head. 

 This road barely touches the line of the New Garden fault, reaching it 

 only west from the fork of the road half a mile from Lockhart's store on 

 Robinson fork. The line of the fault was not determined here within 

 about one-fourth of a mile, as there seems to be some Lower Car- 

 boniferous limestone which was not separated from the Knox limestone. 

 The New Garden fault lies north from the road for two miles east from 

 Lockhart's store on Thompson's creek, but near the head of the fork next 

 east from Breeze fork of that stream, the road approaches very nearly to 

 the conglomerate ridge, fragments of the sandstone being abundant in the 

 road thence lor some distance. The fault line certainly passes very near 

 the heads of the several branches of Thompson's creek. No coal occurs 

 on any of these streams. 



The lault is crossed by the northerly branches of Robinson's fork of 

 Lewis creek at a little way from Lockhart's store. The limestones 

 prevail up the side of Big Butt or Big Axe mountain, fully half way up 

 from the store. The soft limestones have yielded to the action of the 

 many streams forming the two forks of Lewis creek, so that here is a fine 

 agricultural space, known as the New Garden. The structure is some- 

 what complicated, as appears from Mr. Squier's note already quoted ; but 

 the writer's examination was not made in detail, his desire being merely 

 to supplement by a new reconnaissance the reconnaissance work already 

 done by others. Robinson's fork follows a rudely eastward course, and the 



