Stowell.] 4b0 [May 21, 



tion, etc., of this nerve in American cats, and the origin, etc., as published 

 by Mivart (18, p. 271). 



The ectal origin has been described by Wilder (33, 34). 



Most of this work was done in the anatomical laboratory of the Cornell 

 University, where special facilities are afforded for original research. 



Preparation: The cats were injected with the "starch injection mnss" 

 (Anatomical Technology, 2d ed., p. 140-141, 34). Brains were dissected 

 "recent" and "hardened in alcohol;" there are advantages peculiar to 

 each for tracing the ultimate distribution of nerve filaments. Dissections 

 were verified from both kinds of specimens. For preliminary examina- 

 tion, it is suggested that the student begin at the foramina of exit and 

 trace peripherad ; this will avoid confusion in identification and the inad- 

 vertent severing of anastomotic filaments. A more thorough dissection 

 can subsequently begin with any of the peripheral rami — e. g., N. digas- 

 tricus or N. auriculo-temporalis — and proceed centrad. 



NERVUS TRIGEMINUS. 



Synonymy: Nervus trigeminus ; N. divisus seu gustatorius ; N. quintus, 

 seu trenullus, seu mixtus, seu sympaiheticus medius, seu sympathicus medius, 

 seu anonymous, seu innominatus ; Par trigeminum seu quintum nervorum 

 cerebralium, seu trium funiculorum ; Trifacial; The fifth pair of nerves. 



This nerve presents the following characters, viz : 



General Characters: The constancy of its characters and the striking 

 resemblance, even of details, to the human trigeminus ; the size — it is the 

 largest of the cranial nerves ; the analogy to the spinal nerves — the origin 

 and the double function refer this nerve to that class of cranial nerves 

 which admits of ready comparison with the spinal nerves (this homology 

 is incomplete, by reason of the unequal distribution of the sensory and 

 the motor filaments) ; the two roots, the larger is ganglionic, the smaller 

 is without ganglion ; these root functions are sensory and motor respect- 

 ively. 



To the ganglionic or sensory division is referred the sensibility of the 

 face, cheek, forehead, external ear (auris ectalis), pili tactiles, vibrissa?, eye 

 (conjunctiva), teeth, lips, mouth, nose, dorsum of tongue ; the non-gangli- 

 onic or motor division is distributed chiefly to the muscles of mastication ; 

 to these functions may be added the influence of this nerve upon the 

 glands (parotid, submaxillary, sublingual, lachrymal, buccal (?)), and its 

 undetermined action upon the middle ear. 



There are several ganglionic masses ectad of the cranium which sustain 

 intimate relations with this nerve. Each of these ganglia seems to com- 

 municate with a motor, a sensory and a sympathic root or nerve, and 

 thence to distribute filaments to structures more or less contiguous. 



Physiological Characters : 



1. Simple nerves of sensation. 



2. Mixed or myelic nerves. 



