1886.] 405 [Stowell. 



be regarded as the root, or one of the roots, of the ganglion ; it also joins 

 the facial nerve, and gives filaments to the base of the ear (cartilago audi- 

 torius). Dorsad of the meatus auditorius the auriculo -temporal nerve 

 lies entad of the parotid gland ; in this region its course is entad of the 

 facial nerve, with which nerve it assumes plexiform relations (Fig. Tmp. 

 Fac). A. temporalis lies between N. tmp. aur. and N. tmp. fac. ; ramuli 

 (N. N. parotidei) enter the substance of the gland (Gl. par.). Near the 

 middle of the gland the auriculotemporal nerve divides into cephalic and 

 caudal rami (Fig.). 



N. tmp. aur. cephalicus becomes a distinct nerve at the cephalo-dorsal 

 angle of the parotid gland. Its course is toward the eye until it reaches 

 the zygomatic border of the masseter muscle, when it follows the border 

 of the muscle to the angle of the mouth. It anastomoses freely with N. 

 temporo-facialis (Fig. Tmp. fac), which lies upon the ectal surface of the 

 masseter muscle just dorsad of the Stenon's duct, and terminates in the 

 plexus at the angle of the mouth, plexus labialis (PI. lab.). It sends fila- 

 ments to the integument between the eye and the base of the ear (auris 

 ectalis), to the cheek ventrad of the eye, to the vibrissse, the dorsal lip, 

 and to the papillae on the ental surface of the lip and to the mucosa in the 

 region of the premolar teeth (Fig. p. m.). 



N. tmp. aur. caudalis is distributed chiefly to the external ear ; it may 

 be traced with the terminal arterioles of A. temporalis, along the cephalic 

 border of the ear ; terminal filaments are given to the long hairs which 

 line the helix (Fig. Pili) ; a considerable ramulus enters the meatus near 

 the tragus (tr.), and descending centrad supplies the external meatus; 

 other filaments are distributed to the frontal region. A small twig from 

 the caudal border of . this ramus just peripherad of the bifurcation of N. 

 tmp. aur. anastomoses with the facial and terminates in the ventro -lateral 

 border of the ectal ear and the hairs (Pili) between the lateral pocket and 

 the tragus. This nerve does not appear to supply the dorsal surface of the 

 external ear. 



N. massetericus has its origin at the foramen ovale from the dorsum of 

 the mandibular nerve (Fig. Mass.\ in common with N. temporalis in- 

 ternus (Tmp. int.) ; 2 mm. peripherad of the common origin, this nerve 

 becomes a distinct ramus ; its course is dorsad for 8-10 mm., when it pene- 

 trates the masseter muscle and is directed to the caudal border of the 

 malar muscle. Along its dorsal border it gives off 6-10 ramuli to ter- 

 minate in the masseter muscle. 



N. temporalis interims : The deep temporal has a common origin with 

 the masseter, q. v. About 5 mm. peripherad of the origin an anastomotic 

 filament connects these rami. The course of N. tmp. int. is dorsad and 

 mesad of the temporal artery ; it is therefore concealed by the artery when 

 viewed from the side. About 8 mm. from its origin the ramus divides into 

 cephalic and caudal ramuli (Fig.) ; these supply the fan-shaped temporal 

 muscle ; the length of the caudal ramulus is 45-50 mm. 



N. pterygoideus externus : This small nerve has its origin from the 



