1886.] ^O* [Stowell. 



pharyngeal mucosa and along the ental surface of the mandible to the 

 symphysis. 



(2) The middle ramus, the trunk proper, bends around the lateral 

 border of the tongue, and enters its substance with the lingual artery 30 

 mm. proximad of the tip. 



(3) The caudal ramus enters the lingual muscle with the lingual artery 

 about 25 mm. caudad of the tip ; this nerve seems to supply the muscle- 

 fibre. 



The middle and caudal rami assume plexiform relations ; their numer- 

 ous filaments generally accompany ramifying and anastomosing arterioles, 

 and may be traced to the dorsum of the tongue ; the caudal ramus sustains 

 plexiform relations with the hypoglossal nerve. (XII.) 



The lingual receives a considerable accession from the facial nerve, the 

 chorda tympani (Fig. Chorda). 



N. submaxillaris : Just mesad of the origin of the digastric artery this 

 branch separates from the lingual nerve ; it lies ectad of the artery ap- 

 posed to Wharton's duct, which it freely supplies, and continues dorsad 

 into the substance of the sublingual and submaxillary glands ; it termi- 

 nates in a small ganglionic mass, G. submaxillare (G. S. max. ), near the 

 origin of Wharton's duct. From this ganglion filaments may be traced to 

 the substance of the gland. 



Chorda tympani : This nerve is an anastomotic branch between the 

 lingual and the facial. Its physiological action upon salivation, as well as 

 its tortuous course, gives to it a special interest. It separates from the 

 facial as this nerve emerges from the cranium at the ganglion geniculatum 

 (i'ntumescentia gangliformis) ; it returns a short distance in the canal ot 

 the nerve trunk, and enters a canal in the bulla ; it penetrates the bulla, 

 which it crosses dorsad, and enters the tympanum through a small fora- 

 men, iter chordae posterius ; it crosses the tympanum about the middle of 

 the malleus, somewhat mesad of the bone, and emerges through a minute 

 foramen, iter chordse anterius, or the canal of Huguier, into the Gla- 

 serian (?) fossa, thence along the canal to the ectocranial foramen ; as it 

 emerges from the cranium it lies ventrad of the carotid and the pterygoid 

 arteries and ectad of the pter} r goid muscle ; it joins the lingual nerve 5-10 

 mm. peripherad of the foramen ovale. 



N. pterygoideua internus has a common origin with 1ST. tensor tympani 

 from the lateral border of the mandibular nerve just ventrad of the auricu- 

 lo-temporal nerve (Fig. Pter. int.). It lies parallel with the lingual nerve 

 for 5 mm. ; it crosses the cephalic border of the external carotid artery, 

 and accompanies the pterygoid artery ; its course is entad of the chorda 

 tympani, and supplies the distal portion of the pterygoid muscle. 



N. tensor tympani: As the common nerve (V. supra) crosses the ce- 

 phalic border of the carotid artery, N. tensor tympani (Fig. Ten. tym.) 

 separates and bends around the ventral border of the artery, enters the 

 otic ganglion, thence lies in the Glaserian fissure and terminates upon the 



PROC. AMER. PHILOS. SOC. XXIII. 124. 3H. PRINTED NOV. 30, 1886. 



