18S6.] 47d |_ stow , 



GANGLION OPHTHALMICUS!. 



Synonymy: G. ophtJinlmicum ; G. semilunare ; G. cilinre. 



Description: This small pinkish ganglion (Fig. G. oph.) is somewhat 

 triangular in outline ; just mesad of the lateral rectus muscle it rests by 

 its base upon the ramus of the ocnlo-motorius nerve (III), which supplies 

 the ventral oblique muscle, about 1 mm. peripherad of the origin of the 

 ramus (this ramus does not seem to be incorporated in the ganglion). 

 From the apex of the ganglion three filaments are sent cephalad to the 

 globe ; these lie ventrad of the optic nerve, and sustain plexiform relations 

 with the lone; ciliary nerve (ciliaris) before they perforate the sclerotic 

 tunic mesad of the optic nerve. 



N. ciliaris brevis: The principal offset (Oil. br.) of the ophthalmic 

 ganglion takes its origin from the apex of the ganglion and rests upon the 

 lateral surface of the optic nerve ; 3 mm. peripherad of the ganglion, at the 

 point of contact with the optic nerve, it receives two filaments (radix 

 longa) from the oculonasal nerve, and one or more filaments from the 

 carotid (sympathic) plexus ; along the side of the optic nerve it sustains 

 anastomotic relations with the radix longa ; 2-4 mm. centrad of the globe 

 this nerve splits into 8-12 filaments, which perforate the sclerotic tunic 

 around the optic nerve and lie along its ental surface (cf. N. ciliaris 

 longus). 



SUMMARY. 

 A. Anatomical. 



1. Origin: (a) Ental; not demonstrated. 



(6) Proximate roots ; from the mesencephal, the cerebellum, the 



floor of the epiccele and the metencephal. 

 (c) Ectal ; sensory root, caudad of the pons ; cephalic fibres some- 

 times interdigitate with the caudal fibres of the pons. 

 Motor root, near the caudal border of the pons, sometimes 

 Avholly free of it. 



2. Foramina of exit: Fm. ovale; Fin. rotundum ; Fin. lacerum an 



terius. 



3. Ganglia: (a) Entocranial, G. gasseri, just centrad of the foramina of 



exit ; upon the sensory root. 

 (6) Ectocranial, G. oticum.in the Gasserian fossa ; G. submaxillaiis, 

 in the submaxillary gland, near the origin of the Wharton's 

 duct ; G. sp cno-palatinum, just caudad of the foramen pala- 

 tinum and i ';imen spheno-palatinum ; G. ophthalmicum, 

 upon the ocuk 'rotor nerve, between the lateral rectus mus- 

 cle and the opth rerve. 



4. Relations of Ganglia: (a) Entocranial ; G. gasseri, with the facial 



through the petrosal nerve ; with N. sympathicus through 

 filaments to the carotid plexus. 

 (b) Ectocranial ; G. oticum, with the auriculotemporal, the ptery- 

 goid (internal), the lacial, the tensor tympani and the sym- 

 pathic nerves ; G. submaxillar, with the lingual nerve ; G. 



