Brinton] ^U [Nov. 5, 



For love between men, friendship, the Cree employs some 

 words from the radical sdki ; but more frequently those com- 

 pounded with the root wit or ivitcli., which means " in company 

 with,"* and is the precise analogue of the syllable com (Latin, 

 con) in the English words companion, comrade, compeer, con- 

 federate, etc.; it conveys the idsa of association in life and 

 action, and that association a voluntary and pleasure-giving one. 



In the Chipeway there is a series of expressions for family 

 love and friendship which in their origin carry us back to the 

 same psj'chological process which developed the Latin amare 

 from the Sanscrit nam (see above). They may be illustrated by 

 the melodious term which in that dialect means both friendship 

 and relationship, inawendawin. This is an abstract verbal noun 

 from the theme ni inawa, I resemble him, which is built up from 

 the radicle in. This particle denotes a certain prevailing way 

 or manner, and appears both in Cree and Chipeway in a variety 

 of words."]" r ^ le principle of similarity is thus fully expressed 

 as the basis of friendship. To see how apparent this is we have 

 but to remember the English " I like him,'' i. e., there is some- 

 thing in him like me. 



The feebler sentiment of merely liking a person or thing is 

 expressed in the Chipeway by a derivative from the adjective 

 mino, good, well, and signifies that he or it seems good to me.J 



The highest form of love, however, that which embraces all 

 men and all beings, that whose conception is conveyed in the 

 Greek aya-r h we find expressed in both the dialects by deriva- 

 tives from a root different from any I have mentioned. It is in 

 its dialectic forms kis, keche, or kiji, and in its origin it is an 

 intensive interjectional expression of pleasure, indicative of what 

 gives joy.§ Concretely it signifies what is completed, perma- 

 nent, powerful, perfected, perfect. As friendship and love yield 

 the most exalted pleasure, from this root the natives drew a fund 

 of words to express fondness, attachment, hospitality, charit} 1- ; 



*Cree: ni witjiu&fjan, my friend ; wilchettuwih, a confraternity, or society. 



t Chipeway : ivawema, I am his relative, or, his friend. 



Cree: ijiiidkusi"*, he has such an appearance. Tins particle of similarity is 

 considered by Howse to be " one of the four primary generic nouns" of the Al- 

 gonkin language. Grammar of the Cree Language, p. 135. 



J Chipeway: nin miwnima, I like (him, her, it). 



fjSee riowse, Grammar of the Cree Lang., p. 175. Kec.he (kees) as an interjection 

 of pleasure, he considers in antithesis to at (compare Gerinau ach!) as an inter- 

 jection of pain, and cites abundant examples. 



