1903.] JASTROW — THE HAMITES AND SEMITES. 179 



popular proverb, is a gloss added to the section itself, and interrupts 

 the context. Again 16-18" represent either a series of glosses or 

 belong to a different source, while the style of verses 21 and 25-30 

 is so different again from chap. 9, 1S-19, etc., that we are forced to 

 assume here likewise a different stratum. GunkeP distinguishes 

 these two strata as Jj and Je, on the supposition that the Jahwistic 

 documents in the book of Genesis represent the combination of the 

 original Jahwist with additions from the Elohist. Whether we 

 accept this or not, there can be no doubt that within the Jahwistic 

 version several distinct and originally independent sections are to 

 be distinguished. In accordance with this view, we would have of 

 the original Jahwistic Volkertafel only a brief notice about Cush, 

 a fuller one of Mizraim, while in the case of Canaan there is left 

 only the indications of the geographical boundaries of Canaanitish 

 settlements. Still all these three groups are of profound interest to 

 a Hebrew historian, Cush because of Nimrod the representative of 

 the Babylonians and Assyrians, while Egyptians and Canaanites 

 enter of course into Hebrew history at frequent points and at 

 important crises. 



Taking up the additions to the remains of the original Jahwistic 

 list of nations, it will be found that they fall in the same category 

 of data that have a special interest for the Hebrew historian. The 

 notice about Nimrod specifies the important centres of the Euphrates 

 Valley, Babylon, Erech, Accad (=iAgade) and Calneh." In agree- 

 ment with the testimony of modern research, the foundation of 

 Assyria is traced back to Babylonia and the extent of Nineveh, 

 *'the great city," with its suburbs is set forth. 



The introduction of Heth as a son of Canaan (15*^) may 

 represent already a supplement to the original Jahwistic document, 

 added because of the interest that the Hittites have for Hebrew 

 history,^ and to this notice a complete list has been added of the 

 groups of the Canaanitish nations which the Hebrews found upon 

 entering the country and with whom they are thus brought into 

 direct contact.^ Leaving aside variants or further specifications 



1 Genesis, p. 77. 



2 According to the Babylonian Talmud (Yoma lo'^), Nippur. 



3 For a summary of the relations between Hebrew and Hittites, see the writer's 

 article " Hittites" in the EncyclopceJia Biblica, Vcl. II. 



4 It is to be noted, however, that verses 17-18 furnish names of groups out- 

 side of the Hebrew settlements proper in Canaan. 



