1904.] 



GOODWIN ELECTROLYTIC CALCIUM. 



381 



ELECTROLYTIC CALCIUM. 



[Coniridutiou from the John Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry. '\ 

 BY JOSEPH H. GOODWIN. 



iliead November 4, 1904.) 



Metallic calcium can be easily made in large quantities as shown 

 by the following experiments which required only a short time and 

 simple and easily constructed apparatus. The method used was the 

 electrolysis of fused calcium chloride with a hollow cylindrical 

 anode vessel of Acheson graphite (Fig. i). At first the bottom was 



Figure i. 



Figure 2, 



closed by a smaller iron cylinder insulated from the graphite by 

 asbestos, cooled by circulating water in it and having an iron rod 

 projecting upward through its centre to form the cathode (Fig. 2). 

 This was discarded because the calcium (1) often short-circuited 

 the furnace by the formation of spongy metal, (2) was obtained in 

 small pieces, (3) was difficult to remove, and (4) was surrounded 



