1892.] '^^ [Briuton. 



Whether these analogies are sufficient to classify it with the Nu- 

 Arawak groups of Von den Steinen is doubtful. The differences in 

 the personal pronouns especially seem to isolate it from the dialects 

 of that stem. 



Phonetics. 



The letters b, d, rand / are lacking in the Cholona alphabet. 

 The soft ch (as in '' choose ") alternates with the soft th ; the latter 

 is represented in the Spanish alphabet by z, so that in the Arte, z 

 and ch are interchangeable. Initial g is hard before all vowels. 

 The vowel represented by o is stated to be between o and u, and is 

 probably the neutral vowel (as u in "but "). The initial / seems 

 to represent a slight aspiration, as iayuox hayii, man. The elements 

 n and ng appear to be nasals. 



The accent always falls on the last syllable, except in some verbal 

 forms, where it is found on the penult. Poeppig says that the 

 sound of the spoken tongue is disagreeable to the European ear. 



Nouns. 



The relations of the nominal theme are indicated by suffixes, 

 which may be arranged to appear like a declension, though not 

 really such. 



Norn. — iayu or iayutup, the man. 



Gen. — iayuilou, of the man. 



Dat. — iayuhe or iayuge, to the man. 



Ace. — iayute or iayutu, the man. 



Voc. — iayuey or iayupey (fern.), O man. 



Abl. — iayute or tep, pat, nic, with or by the man. 



The plural is formed by the insertion of the particle /<?/, before 

 the case ending. 



nunlol, the men. 

 nunlolloula, of the men. 

 nunlolge, to the men. 

 nunlolte, the men (accus.). 

 nunloltep, with or by the men. 



The case endings are used only when required to render the 

 meaning clear, as Juantup Pedro ilami, Juan killed Pedro, where 

 the accusative termination is omitted, that of the nominative suffi- 

 ciently indicating the relation. Certain particles also give a plural 



