1892.) ®*^ [Briuton. 



with a feminine prefix in iamo-kan-ok, kdrken, ackhanash {=.^va- 

 kan-ash). The English form of this root becomes cunny, found as 

 a suffix to various tribal names. 



JVoman. — Zunum = woman, as zunum nakon, ugly woman ; 

 zunum kekalun, girl, young woman; iama ox yama means properly 

 " mother;" ache or ys her (Musters) is a woman of the same gens, 

 the masculine form of which is chen, brother; karken is a married 

 woman. 



Sun and Moon. — The two prevailing roots are kar and skuin. 

 They both appear in Pigafetta's calexchem {=ikare- skuin). The 

 vocabulary No. 2 translates kora as "sun, heaven, God." The 

 generic term for both orbs is shuiti {ckui7ia), which seems allied to 

 the Araucanian ^«j'<?« of the same meaning. The Hongote ke-kar 

 shows the radical kar. Another radical for both orbs is the guttural 

 sound variously represented by kok, cue, -/ok, keng, geng, sheg. 

 According to Brydges the Yahgans have two different words for 

 sun, htm and usfeca, and two for moon, annuca and hunian. 



Fire. — The radical sound appears to be 'aua-/, spelled variously 

 yaik, kauak, kauik, etc. The first syllable is visible in 7naja ^=. 

 fna-yay. 



JVaier. — The term j'arra or karra means "drinking water," 

 {rom Jara, to drink; iagop is rain water {ciagop, rain, Hale); the 

 ley and leke of Musters and Lista appear to be an abbreviation of 

 the ko-li' of Pigafetta. 



Head. — Pigafetta's ker = kel, which is a variant of guii, dil, etc. 

 Another radical for the idea is a guttural, 'ya, which is at the base 

 of ia'oe, the Hongote se-yocup, Yahgan hika-be, etc. (comp. 

 Araucanian lonco, head). 



Eye. — All the words are clearly related except the Hongote. 



Ear. — The term given by Pigafetta, sane, is repeated with slight 

 variation in the various dialects including the Hongote, except the 

 Puelche, where Hale and D'Orbigny give a different word. The 

 verb choinque, to hear, seems related to skene, ear. 



Mouth. — Wide discrepancies appear in the terms for this organ. 

 The words ckian, shahan and ihiim are probably forms of skiun, 

 which is the right word for mouth, while ia pelk, according to 

 Hale, means " my lips." 



Nose. — The general root is a modification of ^, Lista's ^^ = (?<5, 

 which reappears in tockal, nokl, etc. 



Tongue. — Pigafetta's scial reappears in Muster's tal, etc. 



PROC. AMER. PHILOS. SCO. XXX. 137. L. PRINTED MARCH 18, 1893. 



