peesiijent's address. 29 



Arduina), while the succulents are represented by the Boterboom 

 {Cotyledon fascicularis), the Honde Oor {Cotyledon orbiculata), 

 the Plakldes {Crassula portulacea), the Geel Melkbos 

 {Euphorbia mauritanica}, and Vijgebossies {Mesembrianthemmn 

 blandiini and M. junceum). 



On the more open ground ihe Kraalbos {Galenia africcuia) 

 and the Karroo-bossies {Pentzia incana and Chrysocoma 

 tenuijolia) dominate. 



The northern part of the whole region is naturally invaded 

 here and there by typical Upper Karroo plants amongst which the 

 Doornvijgbos (Mesembrianthemum spinosuvt) is perhaps the most 

 prevalent; on the other hand, the southern borders of the Karroo- 

 are frequently encroached upon by plants from the Cape region, 

 especially is this the case with the hill-tops, which carry typical 

 Cape vegetation, while the hill slopes and high-lying plains are 

 frequently covered with the Ehenoster bush ' {Elytropappus 

 rhinocerotis). 



17. — The Upper Karroo {Plate XXII). 



In this region Kogers includes the south-west portion of the 

 Orange Free IState, the valley of the Vaal River south of Barkly 

 West and that part of the Cape Province between the Great 

 Escarpment on the south and Bushmanland and the Orange Eiver 

 on the north. Bolus adopted a very similar area for his Upper 

 Region. Marloth divided this area into a southern portion, the 

 Karroid Plateau, a north-west portion known as Bushmanland, 

 and a south-eastern portion, a part of the Bush Veld. 



For purposes of a; plant survey, two' distinct areas can be 

 recognised; the southern portion, the Upper Karroo, the greater 

 part of which lies at an altitude of 4,000 to 5,000 feet, and which 

 is bounded on the north by the Langebergen, the Kubiskow 

 Range and the Karreebei'gen ; and a northern portion, which is 

 known as Bushmanland, which I prefer to include with the 

 Kokerboom Veld of Namaqualand. 



The Upper Karroo is made up mostly of rocks of Karroo 

 sediments; it is a monotonous country, but broken with hills, and 

 the surface of the soil is covered with loose stones and bonlders. 

 The vegetation consists of short shrublets, not more than about 

 18 inches high, and these are chiefly Karroo Bush and shrubby 

 Mesembrianthem u ms. 



18. — The Kokerboom Veld of Nam.\qualand and Bushmanland 

 {Plates XXIII— XXV). 



Occupying the greater portion of the western edge of the 

 interior plateau is a large tract ol variable country which may be 

 described as " The Kokerboom Veld of Namaqualand," in which 

 the Kokerboom, Aloe dicJiotoma, is the most characteristic plant. 



In the south it includes the rocky country in the neighbour- 

 hood of the Kamiesberg, the mountains of Ijittle Namaqualand. 

 the Richtersveld, the Valley of the Orange River as far east as 

 Prieeka, and practically the whole of Great Namaqualand north 

 of the Orange River, which lies between the Escarpment on the 

 west and the Kalahari region on the east. Apart from the 



