326 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF NEMATODES. 



Gongylonerna scutatum, parasitic in the oesophagtis 

 of sheep, cattle, goats and horses; G. verrucosum in 

 rumen of sheep and cattle; G. ingluvicola, in the crop 

 of poultry. 



Dispharagus. — ^Many species occur in the digestive 

 tracts of fowls. 



O/vijspirura. — Several species occur in the nictitat- 

 ing membrane cf birds. 



Si7no7}dsia -porado.ta occurs in the stomach of 

 the pig. 



TRICnOTRACHELIUAE. 



Trichosomum. — Numerous species parasitic in the 

 bladder of the dog and cat, and in the gut of poultry and 

 game birds. 



TricJiinella spiralis. — The larval stage is passed in 

 the gut and muscles of various domestic animals, 



Trichtiris, syn. Trichocephalus. — Numerous species 

 known popularly as " whip-worms " are found in the 

 large intestine, especially the caecum, of domestic 

 animals, e.g., T. ovis (aifi.nis) in cattle, sheep and 

 goats; T. crenatvs (stiilla) in pigs. 



EUSTRONGYLIDAE. 



Eustrongylus visceralis occurs in the pelvis of the 

 kidney of the dog, horse, ox, pig, etc, 



STRONGYLIDAE. 



Metastrongylus apri, in the trachea and bronchi of 

 the pig" and sheep; also M. hrevivaginatus in the pig. 



Dictyocaulus arnfieldi occurs in the bronchi of 

 horses; D. filaria, occurring in the bronchial tubes of 

 lambs and sheep, is said to cause " husk " or " hoose " ; 

 D. ■micrtirus, in deer; D. viviparvs in cattle. 



Synth etocanhis rufescens and other species in 

 pulmonary tissues of sheep and goats. 



H ae inostrongylus vasonim, in the heart of the dog. 



Haemonclius contortus. — The " wire-worm " of 

 sheep, g'oats and cattle, occurring in the abomasum. 



Graphidium strigosum, in the stomach of rabbits. 



Nematodirus filicoUis, in the small intestine of 

 sheep ; A\ digitatus in cattle. 



Tricliostrongylus retortaefonnis in the small intes- 

 tine of rabbits ; T . extenuatus in the small intestine of 

 sheep and cattle; T. axei in horses; T. vitrimis and 

 T. proholurvs in sheep, camel (also in man) ; T. insta- 

 hilis ill sheep and goats; T. pergracilis in grouse; 

 T . douglasi in the proventriculus of ostriches. 



Ostertogia ostertagi is found in the abomasum of 

 cattle and sheep; f). circumcincfa and (K frifurcata in 

 sheep, 



Cooperia curticei occurs in the small intestine of 

 sheep and cattle; C. oncophora in cattle. 



