ABOKUIIXAL PLACP: NAMES. 745 



Zalara (E.L.) Zinii)al)a (Kwt.) 



Zangqokvve (Q-) Zinj^^qutu (G.G.) 



Zanyokwe (Kwt.) Ziii(|utii (G.G.) 



Zio;odlo (Kwt.) Zitun<ju (O.) 



Zihlalileni (Kwt.) Znluinema (O.) 

 Zikiziki 



IV - — Hottentot-Bushman Place- Name.s. 



A. Critical Exa urination of Names. 



a Pr'ieliminarics. 



Before we can enter into the discussion concerning the origin 

 (^■f these corrvipted nanie>. it is essential that we should have 

 some knowledge concerning the Bushman, and the Hottentot, 

 languages, especiall}- in relation to tlie transcription and the 

 subsequent transition. It is not eas}- to understand at this date 

 how the X click has come to be Jhxed in. say, Inxu, instead of the 

 q click; or why in certain words we may find c. q, and x used 

 in successive spellings ;• or to give an almost more remarkable 

 variation by citing the various attem])ts to deprive the -ra sound. 

 In this last case we have words in which this suffix appears, 

 expressed -ra, -ka, -ga. -gha, -qa -(|ua. -cha. Could confusion 

 be worse confounded r 



The fact of the matter is that Bushman tribes, often appa- 

 rently numbering under 50. acquired dialectical peculiarities of 

 such degree as to render them iimnderstandable to their own 

 reighbours. The language abounded in clicks, and by contact 

 Vxith other tribes, words were adopted from without. This was 

 notably so in the case of their contact with the white man, for 

 the early pioneers, utterly confused by the multitude -of clicks, 

 simply made no effort to learn tlie Bushman language. In con- 

 se(|uence the Bushman had to make himself understood, and he 

 did so by adapting himself to the one with whom he sought to, 

 o])en u]) communications; and the result was pigeon Bushman, 

 pigeon Dutch, pigeon English, pigeon Kaffir, pigeon Hottentot, 

 Since Bushiuen and Hottentots were in close contact for a long 

 period, very many Hottentot words and sounds were introduced. 

 Of all the clicks, nine were originally fixed, and of these nine only 

 three remain in use to-day. so far as our grammar-books are 

 concerned ! 



Cerebrd.1 ! Pd^Ut^,.! i 



Den^<^! 1 Fd^ucd.! u 



Cultural -] Levbia.1 D 



5piro-denfe.i7 L'n^uo-p&UtAl D 



Undefined X 



It is also to be noted that the clicks were not immtitable. and 

 thus the cerebral ! and the palatal i were interchanged to some 

 extent, as also was the faucal i| and the guttural ]. The last 



