GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH — ADAMS. 20$ 



(2) A paper on the results of an analytical study of the gases in rocks, by 

 R. T. Chamberlin, with a discussion of the states in which the gases are held 

 and their competency to serve as sources of atmospheric supply. 



(3) A paper in three parts on geophysical theories under the planetesimal 

 hypothesis, by Arthur C. Lunn, in which the evolution and distribution of ter- 

 restrial heat chiefly is considered. 



(4) A paper on the relations of equilibrium between the carbon dioxide of 

 the atmosphere and calcium sulphate, calcium carbonate, and calcium bicar- 

 bonate of water solutions in contact with the atmosphere, by Julius Stieglitz. 



Seven additional papers are in advanced stages of preparation. 



GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 



Adams, Frank D., McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Grant No. 503. 

 Continuation of investigation into the Hoiv of rocks. (For previous 

 reports see Year Books Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.) $1,500. 



* The investigations on the flow of rocks carried on during the past year fol- 

 low two main lines of experimentation. The first of these consists of a series 

 of experiments to complete the study of the relative strength of certain rocks 

 before and after deformation. For this purpose Carrara marble was first 

 employed, but the investigation was subsequently extended to Black Belgian 

 marble, Solenhofen lithographic limestone, Trenton limestone, and to a series 

 of typical dolomites — those from Cockeysville, Maryland ; Lee, Massachu- 

 setts ; and Portage du Fort, Canada, being chiefly employed. In the case of 

 each rock columns of standard size w^ere prepared, and after having been de- 

 formed their strength was tested in compression. This was compared with 

 the strength of a column of the same shape as that assumed by the deformed 

 column but cut from the original rock. The conditions of deformation were 

 then varied, the rock being deformed at progressively higher temperatures 

 and at progressively greater differential pressures, and the influence of these 

 changing factors on the strength of the deformed rock was determined. In 

 the case of Carrara marble the experimentation was carried further and the 

 influence of the rapidity of deformation upon the strength of the resulting 

 rock was ascertained, as well as the influence of time and temperature on the 

 recovery of strength. 



The experiments showed that certain calcareous rocks, of which Solen- 

 hofen limestone may be taken as an example, if deformed even with moderate 

 rapidity under differential pressure at ordinary temperatures, will change 

 their shape without loss of strength. In the case of Carrara marble the rock, 

 if deformed quickly and at the ordinary temperature, is considerably weaker. 

 If, however, the differential pressure under which the deformation is carried 

 out is increased, the strength of the deformed rock also increases, as is also 



14 — YB 



