PHYSICS — HOWE, LEWIS. 21 7 



the lowest possible point. Some interesting and apparently important results 

 have been shown through the magnetic and other tests, and definite announce- 

 ment of the results is awaiting the completion of the chemical analyses. 



Incidental to this investigation the influence of strain and the crystalline 

 structure upon the corrodibility of iron were studied, results of which are 

 given in detail in "The corrosion of iron from the electrochemical stand- 

 point" (Presidential address, C. F. Burgess, Transactions American Electro- 

 chemical Society, vol. 13, 1908). 



Various attempts have been made in the past, both in connection with this 

 investigation and in the investigation by others to alloy iron and calcium, 

 and the opinion seemed to prevail that such an alloy could not be produced. 

 During the past year, however, Alcan Hirsch and James Aston have suc- 

 ceeded in producing iron-calcium alloys, and have shown that the previous 

 failures to alloy these two metals have been due to the volatility of calcium 

 at such temperatures as are necessary to melt iron. They succeeded in pro- 

 ducing the alloys by conducting the melting operation under pressure. Their 

 results are given in "The alloying of calcium and iron" (Transactions 

 American Electrochemical Society, vol. 13, 1908). 



Howe, Henry M., Columbia University, New York, New York. Grant No. 

 504. Completion of work of determination of the influence of ingot size 

 on the degree of enrichment of the segregate in steel ingots, and the 

 homogeneousness of the ingots outside the region of maximum enrich- 

 ment. (For previous report see Year Book No. 6, pp. 215, 216.) $300. 

 Professor Howe reports that in order to determine more exactly the 

 position and richness of the most enriched point, many additional drillings 

 have been taken from the ingots previously examined. 



Two more large ingots have been examined with care. Six more ingots 

 have been cast under special abnormal conditions in order to test the theory 

 formed as to mechanism of segregation. 



The inferences drawn in Professor Howe's last report are confirmed by 

 the further data collected during the year, with the exception that in several 

 ingots the most enriched point is not axial. The reason for this surprising 

 phenomenon is not known, but on inquiry it was found that it has been ob- 

 served by J. O. E. Trotz, of Worcester, Mass. 



A large amount of work has been done in reducing the results now 

 obtained. 



Lewis, E. Percival, University of California, Berkeley, California. Grant 

 No. 150. Photographic investigations of vacuum-tube spectra of gases 

 and vapors. (For previous reports see Year Books Nos. 3, 4, 5, and 6.) 



$500. 



With the permission of the President of the Institution, Professor Lewis 

 accepted the invitation of Director Campbell to take the quartz lenses and 



