296 Report S.A.A. Advancement of Science. 



collected are, in fact, primitive examples of the typical Palaeolithic 

 implements, and leave no doubt as to the origin of the latter class of 

 implement. 



Lying on the same surface, but in striking contrast to these worn 

 and primitive Palaeoliths, were some quite sharp and fresh-looking 

 examples of very advanced form and finish. They are of chert and 

 jasper, and comprise both almond-shaped and axe-head types. 



Palaeolithic Types from Between Schmidt's Drift and 



Campbell. 



At one place on the road from Schmidt's Drift to Campbell I 

 noticed many of the characteristic large Palaeolithic flakes, as well 

 as some unfinished examples of the typical implements associated 

 with boulders embedded in red, loamy sand. 



Palaeolithic Types and Advanced Group from the Lange Berg. 



On the farm Zoutputs in the Lange Berg I came across num- 

 bers of unfinished Palaeolithic implements of quartzite associated 

 with the characteristic large flakes, among debris on the sides and at 

 the foot of a hill. Together with them I found three rather interest- 

 ing flake-tools of a very primitive kind, but probably contempor- 

 aneous with the other implements. 



Between the farms Zoutputs and Spitzkop there is a rock-shelter 

 in the upturned quartzite formation. At the foot of the cliff in 

 which it is situated I found many jasper spalls, also flakes of chert, 

 quartz, and quartzite, as well as some specially interesting flake- 

 tools and an incised fragment of ostrich eggshell. 



Paleolithic Types and Advanced Group from Prieska. 



The Orange River, on the north bank, opposite the village of 

 Prieska, is bounded by a terrace of sub-angular jasper gravel. This 

 gravel is cemented into a hard conglomerate by sand and lime. 

 It is overlaid by sandstone, consisting of quartz grains, similarly 

 bound together by calcareous matter. I saw many much-worn, 

 characteristic Palaeolithic flakes, as well as a typical implement, in 

 situ, in the deposit, but was unable to extract them owing to its 

 hardness. I. however, obtained one very nice, though worn, speci- 

 men, which had only just been freed by atmospheric disintegration 

 of the matrix. There are many similar jasper Palaeoliths, as well as 

 some of quartzite, in the bed of the river, that are evidently derived 

 from this deposit, and of which I brought away some examples. 



The presence of the Taaibosch Spruit group among the overlying 

 sand-dunes is indicated by fresh jasper spalls, and by the finding of 

 a characteristically small jasper core, coloured chert flake, and grey 

 chert scraper, as well as a hemispherical stone like that from the 

 junction of the Riet and Modder Rivers, but with the hole barely 

 started. 



