MKMOIIIS Ol' TIIK XATIONAIi A<'AI)|;MV OF S( I KNCKS. 211^ 



males liaviii;: the lii-iluT iinU-x in tli.' lirst rast- and Hit- fcmalfs in IIh- scoikI. W'v believe, there- 

 loro, that llu> si'xual (litVficiHc is not sullicient to iiniuiir the value uC (lie avera;,'<« (lerived wliil(< 

 eoinbinin;;- the sexes from a relatively lar^t' series. Hence we <lo not state the sexes iiiion our 

 tables. Indeed it is less our jxiliey to investifrate the sexual ami other intraraeial eharaeteri.sties 

 of this iteople than to accumulate facts and distinctions dealin;: with Ihcir place in the human 

 series. 



The relation between the antibrachial index and the tibio femoral index, as shown by Dr. 

 Topinaril's tables, may be, if we are jiermitted to borrow a term from craniology, harmonic or 

 ilisliinnioiilc. Thus both indices may bo lar}je or small; in that ease the relation is harmonic, or 

 one may be lary:e and the other small; in this ease the relation is disharmonic Ilarmonie indices 

 are the rule. Topinard calls attention to disharmonic indiet's in .saying: 



The Chiu«-se, will) liav>> uii oluviited autibracliial iudex, have a low tiliio-fiMiioial imlox. Tli<> KuHhineii. who 

 have a low antiliraohial index, have a relatively elevated tiliio-femoral index. 



We give (Table LIII) those of Dr. Topinard's figures, which deal with "> or more ca.ses, for 

 comparative data. His own comment upon them that they "rest iipon too few ca.ses" should, 

 however, be borne in mind. 



It is considered by comparative anatomists that increasing length of the second segment of a 

 limb as compared with the first segment i.s, when found in man, a low character. This oi)iuion is 

 grounded upon the knowledge of the relatively great length which the radii and tibiaj of anthro- 

 poid apes bear, respectively, to the humeri and femora. The criterion thus established places the 

 Saladoans well toward the foot of the human scale. With regard to the antibrachial index they 

 stand next to the bottom of the scale, between the Chinese, Annamites and Javanese above and 

 the African negroes below, and removed three places, or 2.72 per cent, from the South Anierican.s. 

 With i-egard to the tibiofemoral index they .stand at the bottom of the scale, next below the 

 South Americans. These latter, therefore, we note in passing, seem to have quite disharmonic 

 indices of the long bones, which the Saladoans certainly have not. 



As will be seen from a glance at Table Liii, where we give (extracts from Topinard's figures 

 and insert our own data for the Saladoans in their proper places, the characters derived from the 

 study of the long bones must be called discordant or "out of the series" by tho.se anthropologists 

 who insist that all data of a true scientific value shall group themselves in a scale having a Euro- 

 pean at the top, a Chinaman in the middle, and a Negrito at the bottom. 



SS 29. THE SCAPULAR INDEX. 



Owing to the greatly damaged condition of the skeleton.s, only fifteen adult scapulne were in a 

 sufficiently good state of preservation to be submitted to the measurements of length and width 

 required for computing the scapular index. Of these, nine arc right scapuhe and six are left scap- 

 uhe. The maximum index is 81.G(J; the minimum, 65.21, both found on the right side. The aver- 

 age for the right scapuliP is 71.42, and for the left 70.61. The general average i.s, then, 71.09 for 

 the whole series. 



Here again we find the Saladoans occupying a low position in the human .series. 



The following extract from Flower and Carson's* figures on the subject exhibit the i)osition of 

 the Saladoans, whose index we insert with reference to certain other peoples. 



Racc«. Inilicfs. 



6 Tasmanian 8capulai 60. 3 



200 Europeau scapiilje 65. 2 



6 Bushmen scapulie 6<?. 7 



12 Australian scapuL-e fi8.9 



21 Andaman srapuUe t)9. 8 



l."> .Salado.an scapul.e 71.0 



6 Negro scapuhe 71. 7 



But it is probable that the distinctive numerical grades of value of the scapular iudex differ 

 from one another by so small degrees that large series must be measured in order to obtain figures 



• Kl.owr.R and Garson : On the scapalar index as a race character in man. .lournal of Anatomy and Physiology, 



Lnudou, 1879. 



