mi:m()ii;s oi' Tin-; national A("ai)i;mv of aciiiNCEs. 



215 



iposc oiici ski'tcli oil tlio oilier ill such a way that tlio 

 lalkl lines shall exactly i-oiiicide. Apply tin- protractor 



> a matter of record and identi 

 it would have been siiflicieiit to 



In making: the transfers to i)apir supiMJ 

 axial lines shall tniss or toueli, ami the p 

 aud read otVtlie anfjle of torsion.* 



Ill every ease where we have ajijilied this method wc have, : 

 (ieatioii, drawn the outlines of the extremities, an easy task; but 

 draw <mly the axial and iiarallel lines. 



Fiynre 1.5 shows the chaiaeter of the tracing. The outline of the head is broadened in order 

 to distiugruish it more jilainly from that of the opposite extremity. 



The general results of our measurements are shown in Tables lv to LViii, incdusivc, and in 

 diagram shown below. Tables t.ix and LX give the angles of other humeri in our Museum. A 

 number of tables prepared by IJroea and Mauouvrier have been 

 eoiisulted whiih, though the measurements were taken by a dif- 

 ferent process, will, we believe, admit of comparison with our 

 results. From all these sources the following facts are collated: 



A statementof Broca's,t based upon abnndant data, is that the 

 average torsion is greater in females than in males, and his Table 

 D shows that not only in the general average, but that in the 

 average for each side the female exceeds the male, there being 

 but one insignificant exeejition in the series of Californians. In 

 this respect the iSaladoaus seem to be at variance with the rest 

 of the human race. In Table LViii it will be observed that hu- 

 meral torsion in the males is greater on both sides, and therefore 

 gieater in the total average, than it is in the females. 



Another ((uielusionof Hroea'sJ is that in nearly all the series 

 (studied by him) the left humerus is, on an average, more twisted 

 than the right; such, too, is the evidence of our general collection 

 (Table LX) even with regard to American races. In the Salado 

 skeletons, on the contrary, the average is almost the same on both 

 sides, that of the right being slightly in excess of that of the 

 left. Among the humeri in jiairs, also, there is a slight excess on 

 the right side. The variation, too, is greater on the right than 

 on the left side in this .series, the former showing both higher and 

 lower angles than the latter. 



In 75.8 per cent of Broca's series the maximum of torsion is 

 on the left .side.§ Here again the Salado series ranges itself 

 with the small minority. Not only the maximum but the highest 



three angles are found on the right side. It belongs to the majority, however, with regard to the 

 minimum, which is on the right side as in 72.4 per cent of Broca's series. 



In comparing the humeri of this series (Table LV) with those of our general series (Table Lix) 

 we discover that three angles of the former (177°, 174°, 174°, all dexter) are higher than the maxi- 

 mum of any other race except the French, and that they are higher than several of the French 

 angles. If we study this series in connection with Broca's Table C, || in w'hich is given a list of 29 

 series, comprising the most varied races in the world, the maximum angle oftheSaladoans would 

 still seem to have the same relativ(^ importance — standing next to the French. 



The average torsion of the left humerus (159° 30'), the average of the right humerus (159° 45'), 

 and the average of all the humeri (159° 30' + ) are higher than the corresponding averages in any 

 series (representing more than one individual) of our collection except the French and Lapps. 



-Trai-iii); 



' Jonrual of Anatomy and Physioloj;}', vol. xxi, p. 536. 



tLa torsion <lo rhuin<Srn8. Rovue d'Anthropologie, 2'- Sdrie, T. 10, Taris, 1881; ))p. 



tLot. cH., p. 383. 



^ Lo<: cH., p. .584. 



II Loe. cil., p. 583. 



