Aim'i:mm\ a. 



CKANIOMKIKICAI, DIKKC TIONS OK Tdl'INAKI)- 



Those wliii'h wo nsc. only, arn lifie ^ivcii. 



Essential mviisitrcmoits. 



1. Greatest anteroposterior length: Prom tlie glabelhi to tlic tnaxiiniiin ocM^ijiital point. 



li. Greatest transverse width: Upon the parietal or S(iuaiuoiis portion of temporal, no matter 



where the maximum may fall. 

 :i. Basilo-bregmatic diameter: From the basion to bregma. 



4. Smallest frontal width: Shortest distance between the temporal ridges of the frontal bone. 



5. llorizoutal circumference: Horizontal circumference of the cranium directly above tlie super- 



ciliary ridge and across the most i)rominent point of the occiput. 



7. Naso-basilar line: Nasion to basion. 



8. Maximum bizygomatic width: Greatest distance between the zygomatic arches. 



9. Biorbital wi<lth: Maximum external biorbital or bimalar width from external extremity of 



small fronto-malar suture to same point opposite. 



11. Maximum l)imaxillary width: Maxinuim distance between the inferior extremity of the 



maxillo-malar suture to the corresponding opposite jwint. 



12. Bigonial width: From the external portion of one angle of the jaw to another. 



17. Nasal height or naso-spinal height: From the nasion to the middle of the upi)er bolder of the 



lower nasal spine or lower border of nasal aperture. 

 IS. Maximum width of nasal aperture. 



19. Width of orbit: From the dacryon to the opposite external margin following the direction 



of the grand axis. 



20. Height of orbit : Perpendicular to the preceding, beginning at middle of inferior border. 



22. Occipito-alveolar length: From the maximum occipital point to the alveolar point. 



23. Occipito-spinal Icugtli : From the maximum occipital point to the inferior border of the uasal 



aperture. 



24. Capacity of the cranium : Broca's method. 



Complimentary measurements. 



A. Antoroposterioi- metopic length: From the :netopion to the maxiniiiin point of the occiput. 



B. Biasteric or maxinuim occipital width. 



C. Bijugular or inferior occipital width. 



E. Bitemporal width : From one subtemporal point to another. 



F. Vertical circumference or supra-auricular curve: Between tlie two supra auricular i)oints, 



passing upon the bregma. 



G. Anterior and po.sterior parts of horizontal circumference separated by the supra aniicular 



curve, 

 n. luterorbital width : Distance from one dacryon to the other. 

 I. Alveolar external maximum width : Taken at the level of the molar region. 



■TonXAUD: r.ldiiirnts d'Anthropologio GeuiSralc, Paris, 18Sr>, pp. 979, vl aeq. 



