64 



MEMOIRS OF THE NATI0:N"AL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



7?l>p 



Fig. 10.— Head of 

 impaof Graci'.ari.a: fl, 

 clypevis; I, labruin. 



ami also tlio.se with fiiiictioual or vestigial inaxillaiy palpi, such as Tiiieithe, Gracilanidie, 

 ElachistidiP, etc. 



It is evident that the elassiiicatiou of the Tiiieiua will have to be entirely reca.st. Instead of 

 placing the Tineidte, with their broad wings and generalized venation, at the head of the Tineina, 

 as done in our catalogues and general works, they should go to the base of the series, not far 

 from the Micropterygidic. On looking over the venation of the Tineida' repre- 

 sented on Spuler's PI. XXVI, it is evident that the very narrow-winged genera 

 such as Coleophora. Ornix, Tjithocollctis, Xepticula, Gelecbia, Cemiostouia, and 

 (Ecophora, are highly nioditied recent forms when compared with Tinea and 

 Blabophanes, as well as the Adelidi? ( Adela, tig. 7), Nematois (fig. 8), and Choreu. 

 tida' (Sima-this, fig. 0, larva, and Choreutis). and justify Chapman in associating 

 them with the Pyraloids iu \n.i group *>( I'tipw uhtcctw. 



The pupa of Gracilaria (iig. 10) and of Bucculatrix (fig. 11) shows the eye- 

 collar, the paraclypeal tubercles, as well as the labial palpi. On the other 

 hand, the pupa of the pyraloid genus Cryptolechia (flgs. 22,2.3, C. qitercicella, C. 

 schlaginicUa) shows no traces of the maxillary palpi (eye-collar). 



Famihj Frodoxidw. — Having already discussed the chief characteristics of 

 the Paheolepidoptera, represented by the family Micropterygida', we may next 

 call attention to the most i)rimitive of the Xeolepidojjtera. These we believe 

 to be the very remarkable genera Tegeticula (I'ronuba) and Prodoxus, repre- 

 senting the family Prodoxidte. The structure of the imagines and their larval 

 and pupal forms have been described at length and figured by Dr. C. Y. Riley,' 

 who has des<cribed the egg as being very long, cylindrical, soft, and flexible: 

 the boi'ing larv;e as being either without abdominal legs, but with thoracic 

 ones (Tegeticula), or entirely apodous (Proimba). Dr. Riley gives a careful aiul 

 detailed account of the male and female pupa of Tegeticula (Pronuba), but does 

 not mention the "eye-collar" or case bf the end of the maxillary palpi (iigs. 12, 13, mx. p.)^ which 

 is very large, especially in Tegeticula, much more .so than in the rest of the Tineina or in any 

 of the other Neolepidoptera. It is thus in a degree intermediate between that of the Neo- and 

 Paleolepidoptera. The maxilhe [mx.) are well developed, but there are no traces, so far as I can 



see, of the "maxillary tentacles" so greatly developed, 

 tv,X (, according to Riley, iu the imago; but the specimens kindly 



lent me by Dr. Riley for examination are 

 the cast shells, and further examination 

 and search for them .should be made on 

 living or alcoholic si)ecimens. The labial 

 palpi (mx. p.) and the paraclypeal pieces, 

 as well as the eye-suture .separating the 

 ••ghized eye" from the rest of the eye, are 

 well developed. Abdominal segments 2-9 

 are free and armed with the enormous 

 dorsal spines well described and figured 

 by Riley. Figs. 14 and 15 represent the 

 cast pupa skin of Frodoxus decipiens 

 Riley. 



The venation is almost exactly as iu 

 Tineidre, but the structure of the maxillae, 

 as described and figured by Riley, presents an extraordinary feature, iu which this family, and 

 especially the present genus, differs from all the other insects. I refer to the remaikable 

 " maxillary tentacles." Riley thus describes them : 



The male possi-'sses no very marked characters, Imt the female Is most anomalous; first, iu possessing a pair of 

 prehensile, spinous, maxillary tentacles (tig. V>), found, so far as we now kuow, iu no other genus of Lepidoptera. 



Lead 



■tn^? 



. 11. — Pupa of Ilucculatrix fjvinqnmoteUa; A, obli(iue: B, side view of 

 cb, coeoon-burster; C, side view of bead of C. caiiadensella. 



' Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sc, xxix, 1880. 



