7(3 



MEMOIKS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEIMY OF SCIENCES. 



Its relations to the Cossida-, including the Zeiizerina', remain still to be elaborated; they are- 

 ratber close, yet the Tortricoid affinities are very apparent, and need further examiuation. The 

 pupa of Zcuzcra ■pyrina (fig. 40) is of the same character as in Prionoxystus, but the maxillary 

 l)alpi are larger, the lateral palpi more reduced, while the cell-breaker is very long, being much 

 more developed. 



Fig. 30 shows the front of the head and maxillw of the Cossid, Prionoxystun rohinia', which is 

 more Tortricid than Hepialid; ja, i)araclypeal pieces; mx. ]}., maxillary palpi; /., labial palpi; 

 «(.r., maxilke. Fig. 40 represents the head and end of the body of Zeuxera pyrinu. 



Rcmarlis on the Cocldiopodidcc. — Chapmau removes this group from 

 the Bombyces after a study of their larval and pirpal characters. We 

 should, after studying the pnpa' of tive or six genera, agree with his 

 suggestion that this and the family Megalopygidie (Lagoithe) should be 

 removed from the Bombyces and placed near the Tineoids, from which 

 they have undoubtedly descended. That the line of descent, however, 

 was directly, as ('hajiman suggests, from the Eriocephalid;e seems to us 

 a matter of doubt. The larva' of the Cochliopodids i^reseut some 

 notable differences from that of Eriocephala, whose so-called "eight 

 pairs of abdominal legs'' appear to be merely si)ine-bearing tubercles. 

 Although the head of Eriocephala is partially retractile, this adaptation 

 maj' have no ])hylogeuetic significance. 



Fig. 3.3 represents the front of the head of Parasa chloris, .showing 

 the maxillary ])alpi, and a lateral process {p ) connected with it, which 



I have not seen in any other pupie, and 

 may be internal. I have also observed 

 it iu the cast pupal skin of Tortricidea 

 festacea. The maxilla; are either shorter 

 or no longer than the large labial juilpi. 

 The paraclypeal tubei'cles are well devel- 

 oped iu this group. If we compare the 

 head of the pupa of Parasa and of other 

 genera, especially Limacodes and Hetero- 

 geuea, with that of Tinea, there will be 

 observed a close resemblance, especially 

 in the maxilhe, maxillary paljji, and labial 

 palpi, indicating the more or less direct 

 descent of the family from some tineid 

 form, iterhaps an extinct ally of Nepticula, 

 since Chapman speaks of "a resemblance 

 that is almost identity iu the pupa" of Nepticula as compared with that of Limacodes. 



Memarks on the Meijalopyykla'. — The genus Megalopyge (Lagoa) is remarkable for the shape of 

 the pupa, which is somewhat as in Cochliopodida', confirming the view that the two families are 

 allied, though still presenting some notable differences iu larval characters. Fig. 36 rei)resents the 

 pupal features as seen in the front of the head of a Megalopyge from Florida (probably .17. c)-/.s7>rt/« 

 or opercitlaris). The maxill£e seem to be aborted; on each side of the second maxillary (labial) 

 palpi, under the eye, are the first maxillary palpi, whose structure needs further examination. 



Very different is the head of an allied Mexican species, Lagoa siqjcrba (tig. 37), in which the 

 second maxilhe (labium) are well marked, though the palpi are only represented by two short 

 lobes. Here the maxill* are present, and the maxillary palpi are represented by a large lateral 

 irregular round ])iece. 



The next series of families begins with the Tortrlcidcc, fi<om which may have descended the 

 Cossid;ie. As will be .seen by comparing fig. 38 of the pupa of Tortri.v rileyana with that of the 

 Cossidiie (fig. 39, head and mouth i)arts of the pupa of Frioiiuxystus )-obinia'), Dr. Chapman's 

 opinion that Cossus has "no character at any stage to distinguish it from Tortrices" is well 

 sustained. The pupal characters of Zeuzera pyrina (tig. 40) also show that it belongs to the same^ 



VIII 



Fig. 38. — Pupa of Tortrix. ritettana, S : -A. ?. enil uf hudy, with crema-ster. 



