MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



77 



family as Cossus and its allies. In the Cossicte there are no separate pupal maxillary ])alpi. the 

 lateral Ha]) (w.r. p.) not bein.i;- separate. The labium and its pal])i are lous and mirrow, us in 

 Tortrix. The paraclypeal pieces are distinct. 



mx. p 



Fig. 40. — Pnija of Zcuzerapt/- 

 rina; eh. cocoon-burster: A, end 

 of liody of 9 



id labial palpi 



Fig. 39.— Front of bead of pup.i of rriomny- 

 .iiusrobiuiiv: mx. p. b-ibial paljti. 



The point ofdeparture ofTor- 



tricidib from the Tineina has still 



to be workeil out; it must have 



been some generalize*! genus in 



the pupa of which the eye-collar (maxillary palpi 



weie well developed. 



Here might be placed the two families Thyrididic and Sesiidie. 



After a reconsideration of the transformations of these groups we 



agree with Dr. Chapman that as regards the latter "it is Tineoid 



in spite of some Tortricid characters." We should, however, not 



absolutely place these families in the Tineina, but should rather 



regard them as immediate descendants from some Tineoid genus 



witli a well -developed eye-collar (fig. 41, TrochiUmn fraxini, mx. p.) 



and with a well-developed labrum. The generalized nature of the 



pupa of Trochilinm is also shown in the large distinct paraclypeal 

 pieces. The two families have evidently directly 

 descended from some Tineoids, but they may 

 have become much modiiied and specialized, 

 esi)ecially in the venation, and form a side branch 

 of the Tineoid series, with absolutely no relation 

 to the Sidiingida', near which they are usually 

 l>laced. We have been unable to obtain the pupa of Thyris for examination. 



Familij Zy<j(vnid<v. — Another group supposed by Spuler (venation) and 

 also Chapman (pupa) to be closely related to the Tineoids is the Zygivuida', 

 from which I should separate the Syntomidie. The pupa of Zygtena is said 

 by Dr. Chapman to possess " ill-developed eye-collars (maxillary palpi)," and 

 the <lehiscence is typically incomjjlete. I have been unable in the specimens 

 kindly given me by Dr. Chapman to detect the vestiges of the "eye-collar," 

 but the cast pupa skins examined are not well preserved, and these pieces 

 may be more easily detected in living and alcoholic specimens. Comstock 

 places the Zygieuida' high up, remote fi'om the Tineina, but at present I am 

 disposed to regard the Syiitonxida' as a distinct group, with a different origin, 

 and more nearly related to the Arctiidte. I fully agree with Chapman that 



Zyga^na is near the Tineina; and I also agree with Comstock that Tripocris and Pyromorpha 



have " a remarkably generalized condition of wing structure." 



Fig. 41 — rujia of Trochiliitm frax- 

 ini, ,/ : lb, labium and p.alpi: mx. p., 

 maxillary palpi : Ibr, labrum. 



F.G. 42 — Pupa of liar- 

 rivina americana, 9 . 



