2P,4 K- XTSHIWADA; ORGANIC REMAINS FROM THE 



Okamid'ii, in allusion to the nrunes of the villa^>'es ]\Iekaini and 

 Okami. According to the Topographical Survey of the Army De- 

 partment of the Empire, tlie former attains an elevation of 111.3 m. 

 above the sea, ndiile the latter is less high, or about 60 m. 



The limestone occurring in the form of such isolated hills is of a 

 quite uni(|ne character. A glance at the rock brings before ns a con- 

 geries of the C'dcareous fn'ins of some organic remains. The colour 

 is crenm-wliite or greyish-wliite, sometimes grev. It is pretty hard 

 tlirough the cryst:dlisation of some of its organic inclusions. Chemical- 

 ly considered it is almost free IVom im])urities, — ferric (^xide, magnesia, 

 etc., being present in ordy very small quantities. 



As regards structure, its stratiücatii^n is f(.)r the most part in- 

 distinct. The Okamiyama limestone is simply massive, there being no 

 structure suggestive of 1)edding, except fissure-planes of which it is full 

 and through which nnich solution has been effected. ]\luch of the 

 Mekamiyama stone, hidden as it is by its covering of soil, may be in 

 the same state ; but on the east flank of the hi lb where extensive 

 quarries afford an opportunity of studying its structure, it is certainly 

 stratified and strikes X. '20°-o\)° E. witli a very high inclination 

 towards SEE. j\Ir. Xakashima' of the Imperial Geological Survey 

 believes that the limestone of these hills suffers from an anticlinal 

 folding, extending to the overlying strata, and tliat what is seen on 

 the eastern fiank of the ^lekamiyama shows that the l)eds di[) awav 

 from a central axis very steeply to the south. 



During my second visit to the locality, an attempt was made to 

 determine the relation of the limestone to tlie other sedimentary rocks. 

 The evidence then obtained Ijearing upon this is, however, not quite 

 decisive, although the rocks ma}^ in places be observed in association. 



1. Shizuoka Zufaku Chisliitsu Setsumeisho. jx 12. 



