60 RUTLEDGE T. WILTBANK 



pared with the control-group. This fact would seem to 

 render unsafe the statement that the first group enjoyed 

 any advantage in the relearning of A over and above the 

 other mazes. 



The B maze was relearned by the second group with an 

 average of 7.5 trials, but the E and A mazes were learned 

 with an average of 4.4 and 6.4 trials respectively. These 

 mazes were less difficult than the B maze, which was the 

 most difficult of all from the point of view of original 

 mastery; but in these instances, as in the one just con- 

 sidered, the saving in the learning of the mazes as compared 

 with the relearning of B was much greater than the records 

 of the control-groups in these mazes as compared with 

 the control-group in B. The A maze was 7.0 per cent 

 easier according to the records of the control-group, but 

 15 per cent as shown by the group learning it in the series 

 now being considered when this group's records in A and 

 B are compared. The E maze was 20 per cent easier 

 according to the records of original mastery, but it was 

 41 per cent easier in this connection. If the mazes A and 

 E were as difficult as B, it would be defensible to say that 

 no benefit from having learned B remained through the 

 four intervening learnings and reappeared upon the re- 

 learning of B, since the group failed to evince any superiority 

 in the relearning of B relative to the learning of an equally 

 difficult maze. As it was, the group relearning B enjoyed 

 a saving of 75 per cent as against the record of the control- 

 group for A; and in learning E it saved 81 per cent, as 

 compared with the control-grou-p for E. Its saving in the 

 B maze, as compared with its own record of original mas- 

 tery, was 74 per cent. It is unwarrantable to see in the trial- 

 record any survival of the benefit of the former learning of B. 



The third group relearned the C maze in 6.2 trials. 

 Although there was no learning of any intervening maze 

 in fewer trials, the A maze was learned in nearly the same 

 number — 6.5 trials. The C maze was 39 per cent easier 

 according to the control-groups, but its relearning was 

 but 4.6 easier than the learning of A. The group relearned 

 C with 62 per cent less effort than was needed in the original 

 mastery, while it learned A with 76 per cent fewer trials 

 than the control-group. 



