176 STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 



large collection at Munich and a smaller one at Gottingen which does not seem to 

 have received any additional brains since Wagner's cessation of work on cerebral 

 morphology. 



The American Anthropometric Society was established in 1889 at a meeting which 



took place of the residence of . The founders were : Harrison Allen, Francis 



Xavier Dercum, Joseph Leidy, William Pepper, and Edward Charles Spitzka. The 

 chief object of the society was the preservation of the brains of its members. Three 

 of the founders of the society have since died and their brains were duly removed and 

 preserved as were those of members who subsequently joined the society and are now 

 deceased. In the order of acquisition, the list of brains in the collection included the 

 following : 



1. Joseph Leidy. 



2. Phihp Leidy. 



3. J. W. White, Sr. 



4. Andrew J. Parker. 



5. Walt Whitman. 



6. Harrison Allen. 



7. Edward D. Cope. 



8. William Pepper. 



The brain of Walt Whitman, together with the jar in which it had been placed, 

 was said to have been dropped on the floor by a careless assistant. Unfortunatel}^ not 

 even the pieces were saved. The brain of Dr. White is not in good condition. The 

 brain of Dr. Parker had been allowed to remain in Mtiller's fluid ever since 1892 and 

 when found was badly broken. Fortunately, there exists an excellent cast of the un- 

 dissected brain which had been made soon after hardening under the supervision of 

 Dr. Dercum. With the utmost care I was able to restore some of the parts so as to 

 delineate considerable portions of the mesal surfaces as well as to expose and make 

 casts of the insulfe. It is to be regretted that like opportunities were not afforded in 

 the case of Walt Whitman's brain. The brains of Joseph Leidy, Philip Leidy and E. 

 D. Cope are in excellent condition. (3f Philip Leidy's brain there a,lso exist casts of 

 the cerebral halves and of the cerebellum and isthmus in one piece. The brain of 

 Harrison Allen had become flattened, while that of William Pepper had been both 

 flattened and distorted. 



These brains were first placed at my disposal in the winter of 1902-0.3 and the 

 objective study of the specimens was completed in time to render a brief report at the 

 meeting of the Association of American Anatomists at Philadelphia in Decem- 

 ber, 1904. These studies were also briefly referred to in an address before the Ameri- 



