184 STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 



33. Simpson, Sir James Young (1811-1870), English physician and archseologist. 

 The autopsy was performed by Drs. J. B. Pettigrew and John Chiene in the presence 

 of Drs. A. Wood, W. Begbie and J. Noir Munro. " The brain was healthy, the sulci 

 were deep, the convolutions numerous and the substance natural." The brain-weight 

 was 54 ounces (1531 grams). Lancet (London), 1870, May 14, p. 717. 



34. Meyr, Melchior (1810-1871), German poet and philosophical writer, died 

 of cancer of the stomach. His stature was 170 ctm. His brain weighed 1415 grams. 

 BischoflF states that Meyr's and Fallmerayer's brains had the simplest convolutions in 

 the collection (/. e., up to 1880). Bischoff: "Das Hirngewicht des Menschen," 1880, 

 p. 136. Riidinger: Beitrag. z. Anat. d.Sprachcentrums, 1882, p. 43. 



35. Babbage, C. (1792-1871), mathematician and inventor (London collection). 

 The brain is preserved in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 

 (D. 685). Its weight immediately after removal was 49^ ounces (1403 grams). G. 

 Elliot Smith, in a letter (October 6, 1903), says that Prof Duckworth, who has looked 

 the brain over, emphasizes the "presence of a well-developed sulcus frontalis medialis 

 of Cunningham and a special richness of sulci of the anterior part of the inferior 

 frontal convolution." Marshall : Jour, of Anat. and Physiol., XXVII, 1892, p. 30. 

 Catalogue of the Physiological Series of Comparative Anatomy in the Museum of the 

 Royal College of Surgeons of England, II, 1902, p. 464. 



36. Grote, George (1796-1871), English historian. This distinguished writer of 

 Greek history died in June, 1871. Eight years before his death he wrote the follow- 

 ing wish : 



" I desire that after my decease my cranium shall be opened by the Professor of 

 Anatomy in University College, London, or by some other competent Anatomist. 



"I desire that my brain shall be carefully weighed and examined, and that the 

 weight thereof shall be communicated to Professor Bain, together with any other 

 peculiarities which may be found, especially whether the cerebellum is deficient as 

 compared with the cerebrum." 



Prof John Marshall removed and studied the brain. Its weight, after drainage, 

 was 495 ounces (1410 grams); about 12 drachms (45 c.c.) of fluid were collected. 

 " The skull," remarks Marshall, " was unusually thick. The cerebrum and cerebellum, 

 still invested Ijy their membranes were soft and flaccid and easily fell out of shape ; 

 and the cerebral convolutions, so far as they could be observed, appeared to be very 

 broad." This breadth of the convolutions became still more obvious after the mem- 

 branes were removed. Mr. Grote died at the age of 76, and Marshall expresses it as 

 his belief that both age and disease caused a wasting of brain-tissue amounting to per- 

 haps three ounces or more (90-100 grams). That wasting must have taken place is 

 certainly indicated by the accumulation of more than 45 c.c. of fluid in the cranial 



