188 STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 



The weight of the brain was 1409 grams. The left subfrontal gyre is better developed 

 and more massive as shown by the endocranial cast. Riidinger gives a figure of the 

 subfrontal region on both sides. Bischoff: "Das Hirngewicht des Menschen," 1880, 

 p. 136. Riidinger : Beitr. z. Anat. d. Sprachcentrums, 1882, pp. 35 and 39. 



48. ScHMiD, Hermann Theodore von (] 815-1880), German jurist and writer 

 (Munich collection), is said to have been a talented linguist and orator and in correla- 

 tion with this Riidinger found the left subfrontal region to be the better developed. 

 The brain weighed 1374 grams. Riidinger: Beitr. z. A7iat. d. Sprachcentrums, 1882. 

 Riidinger : Beitr. z. Anat. d. Affenspalte, 1882. Ammon : "Die Natiirliche Auslese bei 

 den Menschen." 



49. Bischoff, C. H. E. (1785-1864), German physician. C. H. E. Bischoff's 

 brain-weight is reported in his son's memoir as being 1452 grams. His stature Avas 

 172 ctm. The left subfrontal gyre showed a superior degree of development. Bis- 

 choff: "Das Hirngewicht des Menschen," 1880, p. 136. Riidinger: Beitr. z. Anat. d. 

 Sprachcentrums, 1882, p. 44. 



50. Broca, Paul (1824-1880), French Anthropologist (Paris collection). The 

 brain was weighed by M. Kuhff. The brain-weight was 1484 grams. No further 

 records seem to have been made of this brain. Topinard : " Elements d' Anthropologic 

 Generale, 1885, p. 553. 



51. Seguin, Edouard (1812-1880), French-American physician (psychiatrist) 

 (author's collection). The elder Seguin was born at Clamecy, Department of Nievre, 

 in France. His ancestors for several generations Avere eminent as ph3'sicians, archi- 

 tects, etc. Dr. Seguin received a very thorough education at the colleges of Auxerre 

 and St. Louis and commenced the study of medicine with the celebrated Itard as pre- 

 ceptor. He was subsequently associated with the distinguished alienist and psychol- 

 ogist, Esquirol, in his investigations. The study of what is now known as arrested 

 mental development began with Seguin's devotion to the welfare of the idiot children 

 at the Hospice de Bicetre and for over forty years he remained devoted to the cause 

 he had made his own. Edouard Seguin Avas the pioneer in advocating the introduc- 

 tion of the metric system in this country and he is equally noted for his contributions 

 to the subject of medical thermometry. He came to New York in 1850. His brain 

 was removed within twenty-four hours after death l)y Dr. E. C. Spitzka, assisted by 

 Dr. R. W. Amidon. The brain was normal and weighed "2 pounds, 12 ounces, 5i 

 drams" (44.344 ounces or 1257 grams). At the present time, after over twenty-five 

 years' immersion in alcohol, this Aveight is reduced to 880 grams, having lost 30 per 

 cent, of its original Aveight. I have described this brain together Avith that of the 

 younger Seguin as indicated in the references below. Spitzka, Edw. Anthony : Proc. 



