STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 251 



marginal in particular is of most complex configuration and seems to portray the won- 

 derful powers of associational and dissociational observation which Professor Leidy 

 possessed in life ; the somatical-psychological aspect of this proposition will be dis- 

 cussed in the sequel. 



The cuneus and precuneus together with the interpolated cuneolus present a wide 

 expanse in sharp contrast with the reduced corresponding areasln the brain of Pro- 

 fessor Cope. 



Fissures of the Temporal Lobe (Latero-ventral Surface). — The supertem- 

 poral fissure pursues a very tortuous course. Its length, measured with a moist string, 

 is 15 cm. A.t its middle third it makes several sharp turns, and throughout its course 

 it gives off a number (6-7) of rami. One long ramus traverses the meditemporal gyre 

 and reaches to the ventro-lateral border of the hemicerebrum. The caudal termina- 

 tion of the fissure in the gyre embraced by the pai'occipital and its cephalic ramus is 

 simple. Near the cephalic terminus of the fissure, at what appears like a zygal seg- 

 ment, there is a small sunken area or " islet," due to a peculiar rolling over, or oper- 

 cular formation of the adjacent meditemporal gyre. 



The course of the meditemporal fissure can be ti'aced along two segments. The 

 subtemporal pursues an unusual course. Cephalad it anastomoses with the collateral ; 

 it then passes caudo-laterad in a tortuous manner, reaches the ventro-lateral border, 

 and passes onto the convex surface to anastomose with a meditemporal segment. 

 Another piece lies further caudad," but this also anastomoses with the collateral near 

 its middle. The arrangement of the collateral and subtemporal fissures is that of a 

 stem with two branches on one side of it. 



The collateral fissure, aside from the two anastomoses above mentioned presents 

 nothing unusual. Its length is 10 cm. The post-rhinal (or amygdaline) fissure is 

 only indicated by a shallow groove. 



Gyres of the Temporal Lobe. — All the gyres of the temporal lobe are notable 

 for their massiveness, breadth and complexity. The supertemporal gyre is quite tor- 

 tuous, the subtemporal quite massive. The subcoUateral makes up in breadth what 

 it loses in length by the peculiar anastomosis of the subtemporal with the collateral. 

 The subcalcarine and hippocampal gyres are clean-cut and well-shaped. 



The Insula. — The insula shows a good development. The gyres are full and 

 the intervening fissures quite deep. There are five preinsular gyres, while the post- 

 insular gyre is subdivided into two caudal portions, giving seven peri-insular digita- 

 tions. Compared with the right insula it exhibits a superior degree of differentiation. 



Right Hemicerebrum. The Interlobar Fissures. The Sylvian Fissure and its 

 Rami. — The sylvian fissure is slightly sinuous, its walls are in close apposition, and 



