258 STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 



Dr. Leidy was educated by private tutors and in the public schools of Philadel- 

 phia. Matriculated in the Medical Department, University of Pennsylvania, 1857. 

 His Student days were spent in the office of his brother and preceptoi-. Prof Joseph 

 Leidy. Graduated in medicine 1859. Was immediately appointed Resident Physi- 

 cian, Philadelphia Hospital (Blockley). Entered the Uniled States service, War of 

 Rebellion, as Examiner of Recruits, June 8, 1861. Assigned at the first battle of Bull 

 Run to the lOGth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, as Assistant Surgeon with the 

 rank of First Lieutenant. After the battle of Balls Bluff", established the first general 

 field hospital of the war, near Poolesville, Maryland. Was in all the engagements of 

 the army during the Peninsula campaign. His ability for organization attracted the 

 attention of his superior officers, which resulted in his transfer to the 119th Regiment, 

 Pennsylvania Volunteers, as Surgeon with the rank of Major, with a special detail to 

 establish the Wager Hospital, the first general hospital in the Shenandoah at Bolivar 

 Heights, 1862. Shortly after he was appointed Assistant Medical Director of General 

 Sumner's Division, Post Surgeon at Winchester, Virginia, and Director of the Depart- 

 ment of the Shenandoah on General Sheridan's Staff". Later, Surgeon-in-Chief 3d 

 Brigade, 1st Division, 6th Army Corps. One of the Chief Operating and Consulting 

 Surgeons of the 6tli Army Corps. During 1864-65, Surgeon-in-Chief of the hospitals 

 of the 6th Army Corps during the siege of Richmond and Petersburg. Dr. Leidy 

 served upon special detail duty in every engagement of the Army of the Potomac, and 

 with General Sheridan in the Valley of Virginia. At the close of the war Dr. Leidy 

 was tendered but declined the appointment of Surgeon in tlie medical department of 

 the Regular Army. 



From 1866-1870 he was United States Examining Surgeon at Philadelphia. 

 From 1873-1882 Port Physician of the city of Philadelphia ; 1884 Physician-in-Chief 

 of the insane department of the Philadelphia Hospital; 1886 appointed Consulting 

 Physician to the same institution. Dr. Leidy served various charitable institutions in 

 Philadelphia in a consulting capacity. He was the author of various articles upon 

 medical and scientific subjects and of reports to the medical and surgical department 

 of the War of the Rebellion. 



President of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Philadelphia ; President Northern 

 Medical Society, Philadelphia ; member of the College of Physicians, Board of Edu- 

 cation, and of various medical and scientific societies. Died April 30, 1891. 



(Above notes computed from the records of the United States War Depart- 

 ment, etc.) 



Dr. Leidy died of the broncho-pneumonia of grippe. The bi'ain was removed and 

 weighed by Dr. F. X. Dercum. The encephalic blood-vessels presented numerous 



