STUDY OF BRAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 285 



to the close approach of the occipito-calcarine fissural stem to the hippocampal fissure. 



Fissures of the Temporal Lobe (Latero-ventral Surface). — The supertem- 

 poral fissure is unusually tortuous, running in a widely diverging zig-zag path, and 

 attaining the unusual length of 16 cm., measured with a wet string. It sends off 

 numerous rami, one at each 'change in its dii*ection and twice in its course it anasto- 

 moses with meditemporal segments. The latter fissure is represented by at least five 

 pieces, of irregular shape and disposition and anastomosing frequently with neighbor- 

 ing fissures. The most caudal segment, in the postparietal region, anastomoses with 

 both exoccipitals ; with the second one of these {EOF") in a very circuitous manner. 

 The subtemporal is well-marked, of a length of 8 cm., and anastomoses with the medi- 

 temporal-exoccipital junction as well as the collateral fissure. The collateral fissure 

 is divided into two segments by an isthmus ; the cephalic segment is joined by the 

 amygdaline (postrhinal). 



Gyres of the Temporal Lobe. — The supertemporal gyre is of tortuous irregular 

 contour ; its cephalic portion is uniformly narrow, its middle and caudal parts irregu- 

 larly broad. The medifrontal is of good width, but is not distinctl}^ demarcated from 

 the subtemporal in its caudal part. The remaining temporal g3a-es present nothing 

 unusual ; they are all quite massive and very richly fissured. 



The Insula.. — In order to examine the insula, the opercula were carefully and 

 gradually forced apart by insertion of cotton wads, in increasing quantity on succes- 

 sive days until the insular region was fairly exposed (Fig. 8). The transinsular 

 fissure is long, the shorter insular fissures are all distinct and the entire insula is 

 divided into four short (preinsular) gyres and one long (postinsular) gyre whose caudal 

 part is again divided by a short accessory fissure ; making in all six peri-insular digi- 

 tations. Compared witli the .right insula it is better developed in every respect ; 

 broader, more massive (shown by a comparison of the depths of the sylvian fissures) 

 and better fissured. 



Right Hemicerebrum. Ihe Interlubar Fissures. Tne Sylvian Fissure and its 

 Rami. — The sylvian fissure is only 4.8 cm. in length. Its course is less tortuous than 

 that of the sylvian on the left side and is in general somewhat deeper. Its pre-sylvian 

 depth is 14 mm.; the medi-sylvian, 21 mm.; the post-sylvian, 25 mm. The pre- 

 sylvian ramus is 1.8 cm. in length and joins an oblique segment in the subfrontal gyre. 

 The subsylvian is hardly represented. Caudally the sylvian passes without much 

 change of direction into its episylvian ramus, 1.5 cm. long. The hyposylvian is 

 absent. The basisylvian is 20 mm. deep. 



The central fisure, measured with a wet string, is 12 cm. in length ; measured by 

 compass, 8.5 em., a trifle longer than its fellow on the left side. There are the same 



