298 STUDY OF BKAINS OF SIX EMINENT SCIENTISTS AND SCHOLARS. 



Internal Cranial Measurements. 



Maximum internal antero-posterior diameter . . • ] r' ht Ifi'v 



Maximum internal lateral diameter .... 13.7 



Occipi to-temporal diameter \ risht 13 9 



Internal basion-bregma height ..... 13.0 



SUMMARY. 



It were unwarranted to propose conclusions of wide significance upon so little 

 material and only brief comments are offered here upon the most notable findings in 

 these brains. In general the cerebral surface shows complex development with intri- 

 cate fissuration and a bold contour of the numerous gyres. In some brains one or 

 another region preponderates over other regions in the degree of development. The 

 parieto-occipito-temporal area is generally the most redundant. The brains of the two 

 Leidys show a general superficial or physiognomic resemblance but aside from a few 

 points, as for instance in the course of the right superfrontal fissures, there is not so 

 marked a likeness as I was able to demonstrate in the brains of the three Van Wormer 

 brothers. But as in the case of the three brothers, the isthmus and cerebellum are 

 almost identical in size and weight, while the cerebrum of Joseph is immense as com- 

 pared with Philip's. Philip's callosum seems to have striven to attain the great size of 

 Joseph's and is therefore disproportionately long. Philip's brain does not exhibit the 

 great preponderance of the right parieto-occipital areas which characterize Joseph's 

 cerebrum. This redundancy is remarkable in the right hemicerebrum of Pepper's 

 brain and the distortion suffered by this specimen is particularly deplorable. 



A remarkable contrast is shown by a comparison of Joseph Leidy's bi"ain with 

 that of Cope, and it is best expressed l:)y the ratio which the mesal area of the frontal 

 lobe bears to the cuneus precuneus area. This ratio in most brains is 



70:30 

 In the brain of Joseph Leidy it is : 



In Cope's brain it is : 



73 : 27 

 The difference can be seen in the drawings shown in Figure 75, in which the cuneus- 

 precuneus area is shaded while the mesal area of the frontal lobe is left unshaded. 

 Recalling now the functions of the two great association areas under discussion, the 

 surmise that we have here a true somatic expression of naturally endowed superiority 

 of the powers of conception of the concrete in the one brain, and of remarkable powers 

 of thought in the abstract in the other brain, were one which past experiences in cere- 



66:34 



