I907.] TRIBUNAL OF ARBITRATION OF 1623. 303 



lined a plan intended to maintain to some extent peace in Europe. 

 He restricted this, however, to the Christian Powers : the so-called 

 Infidels were to be outside of its pale. Indeed, those individuals 

 who would not accept the decree of Dubois's proposed peace board 

 were to be impressed into fighting the Infidels. 



An early proposer of modern international arbitration was a 

 Frenchman, £meric Cruce. He is still almost unknown, except to 

 a few international jurists. He was born at Paris about 1590 and 

 died in 1648. He published a number of works in Latin, but so 

 little is known about him that, until 1890, when Judge Ernest Nys,^ 

 Conseiller a la cour d'Appel of Brussels, a Belgian member of The 

 Hague Permanent Tribunal of Arbitration, and a scholar of the 

 highest type, restored to £meric Cruce his true name, publicists 

 called him Emery de la Croix. In 1618 Cruce printed an annotated 

 copy of Statins. That publication gave rise to a violent contem- 

 poraneous discussion, which was the means through which Judge 

 Nys discovered Cruce's real name. 



" If we cite this polemic it is because," Judge Nys says, " it allows us to 

 know the exact name of the author of [' Le Nouveau Cynee ']. The few ancient 

 authors who speak of him call him generally ' Emericus Crucejus or de La 

 Croix ' ; modern biographers call him, ' Emeric de la Croix.' The fact is 

 his name is Emeric Cruce, from which came the Latinized name of Crucaeus. 

 Doubt is not possible, and we find a formal indication of this in the anagram 

 that the * Silvarum frondatio ' contains, whose author was Antoine Dorcal, 

 barrister of Paris. Here is the text : 



"'Anagramma in Autorem Hujus Frondationis 

 Emericus Cruce 

 Ecce Mercurius. 

 Ne temere in Silvis Statianis lector oberres, 

 Ecce vialis adest hie tibi Mercurius." 

 " We can mention here that it was probably to the translator of the 



* Bibliographia politica ' of Gabriel Naude that we owe the attribution to the 

 author of * Le Nouveau Cynee ' of the name of de La Croix. Naude writes 

 correctly Emericus Crucaeus; the translator, Charles Challine, gives Emery 

 de la Croix. 



" The edition of the works of Statins is dedicated to Henri Godfroy ; 

 the notes on the Thebaid of the same poet are dedicated to Guillaume Ribier, 

 councillor of State, president and lieutenant-general at Blois ; finally, the 



* Silvarum frondation ' is preceded by a letter addressed to Henri Le Clerc 



^ " La Revue de Droit International et de Legislation Comparee," Brus- 

 sels, 1890. 



PROC. AMER. PHIL. SOC, XLVI. l86 U, PRINTED SEPTEMBER 9, I907. 



