326 MATHEWS— THE ARRAN^DA LANGUAGE. [Octobers 



fjst Person 



Plural ^ . -o 



2d Person 



I 3d Person 

 The possessive pronouns are as under : 



Sing^,lar Mine nukara {^^^ ^^r^' } ^is ekurara 



D-1 {8uV^:'e"xcl.nfnakat" } Yo.rs n^balakara Theirs ekuraratera 



P>""> { O":; '"^cl. aSnaTat^^ } ^ours aragankara Theirs etnikara 



These pronouns are generally used in the nominative case. For 

 example, the question may be asked, " Whose spear is this ?" and 

 some one could answer, '' Nukara (mine)." If used in a sentence, 

 the dual and plural forms sometimes have a reflexive or reciprocal 

 meaning, as the verb may determine. There are other forms of the 

 pronouns, meaning " for me," " with me," " to me." 



There is also a suffix, arpa, by annexing which to the personal 

 pronouns gives them an emphatic meaning, thus : 



Ta arpa, contracted to tarpa Myself 



Unta arpa contracted to untarpa Thyself 



Era arpa, contracted to erarpa Himself 



Another emphatic form is obtained by the suffix afara in the 

 singular, which is altered to watara in the dual and plural. I (in 

 place of anyone else) ta-atara; we, dual, ngilinawatara ; we, plural, 

 nganuna watara. 



In regard to the double '' we " in the dual, there are some varia- 

 tions, according to the relationship existing between the speaker 

 and the person referred to. If a father speaks to his son he says 

 Ngilaka instead of Ngilina, thus : *' Ngilika araka larityika, we 

 (dual) kangaroo-for must go. Emphatic forms are, Ngilanta, 

 we (dual) only. Ngunanta or ngunantara, we (plural) only. 



Demonstratives. This, rana. These (dual) nanatera. These 

 (plural) nanirbera. This (is mine) nananuka or nanuka. That, 

 tana; those (dl.), tanatera; those (pi.).' tanirbera. Other shades 

 of meaning are given by using nakuna and arina for '' that." This, 

 lena. 



Interroo-atives. Who, nguna? Who (did it), ngula? What, 



