X16 



-19^2- 



Klln. Wchnschr. 21s 664-669, 1942. See also: Bull. Hyg. 

 (London) 17:890, 1942 



The pjrrogenlc decomposition product obtained from typhoid 

 bacilli appears to exist as a prosthetic group on a large 

 protein complex molecule. Agar cultures of the typhoid 

 bacillus 1 to 2 days old are prepared by autolysis and either 

 pepsin or papain digestion; trypsin Is less effective and 

 acidic or alkaline hydrolysis Injures the pyrogen. The 

 pyrogen can be boiled In neutral solution without damage. 

 It even appears that through such action Its activity Is 

 Increased, either through destruction of Interfering material 

 or thro ugh.. liberation of., fever material," The large 

 polypeptides and albumin may be removed through the use of 

 trichloracetic acid or ammonium sulphate. Histamine hydrolysis 

 and dialysis will remove materials of smaller molecular mass, 

 Centannl preferred fractional precipitation with alcohol and 

 glycol for further purification before filtration. The fever 

 unit was 0.05 mg, 



A new substance appeared during a study of the method outlined 

 above, a biological unknown related to the polysaccharides. 

 It Is found In combination with the 'klastlns' or endotoxins 

 which produce characteristic Immunity and certain toxic symp- 

 toms, as fever and Inflammation. The pyrogenlc factor Itself 

 contains both a hapten and a toxic group. The former pro- 

 duces pure histologic Immunity through Its action as an antl- 

 pyrogen, with a prevention of antibody formation. Through 

 fractional adsorption on aluminum hydroxide, the hapten can 

 be obtained In a fairly pure state and may be then used In 

 Immunization against the pyrogenlc reaction. This, the 'Third 

 Immunity' of Centannl, has Important potentialities in the 

 treatment of disease. 



337. CHAPMAN, C. J. 



Use of rabbits for the detection of pyrogenlc substances In 

 solutions for intravenous administration. 



Quart. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 15:361-366, 1942 



Initial leukopenia, after the injection of pyrogen-containlng 

 infusion solutions, may be used as a simple indicator of the 

 presence of pyrogen. In the test rabbit, a drop of 4000 leuko- 

 cytes per cmm, of blood or more is considerecl evidence of pyro- 

 gen contamination In the injected solution. 



