156 



- 1 9 ^ 6 -i 



Two variants of S. dysenterlae were examined, and both a neuro- 

 toxin and thermostable lethal factor were Isolated. In the S- 

 varlant a thermostable factor, lethal for mice and small animals, 

 is responsible for hemorrhage of the cecum (rabbit) when injected 

 with the neurotoxic principle present in both S- and R-variants, 

 Other thermostable, toxic materials may be involved in the 

 changes seen after administration of S. dysenteriae ; these changes 

 include hypothermia, decreased liver glycogen output, leucopenia 

 and decreases in ascorbic acid in the adrenals. 



448. KUNA, S., EDISON, A. D. and BUTZ, G. 



A method for large scale testing for pyrogen 



J. Am. Pharm. A. (Sci, Ed.) 35:59-63, 1946 



Temperature elevations may be observed in the rabbit after 

 handling. A thermocouple box method has been devised which eli- 

 minates the possibility of error from such factors. Other pro- 

 cedures are outlined which may increase sensitivity in the rabbit. 

 Thermogenic response is intensified when low initial temperatures 

 exist. 



449. LEWIS, L. A. and PAGE, I. H. 



Method of assaying steroids and adrenal extracts for protective 

 action against toxic material (typhoid vaccine). 



J. Lab, Clin. Med. 31:1325-1329, 1946 



Since some protective ability had been previously demonstrated for 

 adrenal extracts against the toxic effects of typhoid vaccine, an 

 assay method was devised to determine the factor or factors re- 

 sponsible for such protection. Adrenalectomized rats were given 

 a test dose of typhoid vaccine which was predetermined to be the 

 MLD for the species. Various adrenal extracts and other steroid 

 compounds were administered once or twice daily for three days 

 before the vaccine injection. Survivors were sacrificed after 

 21 days. The efficacy of 5^ glucose in maintaining blood sugar 

 levels and the protection afforded aginst the toxicity of ty- 

 phoid vaccine were additional features of the study. Of eleven 

 steroids tested, ll-dehydro-17-hydroxycorticosterone was the 

 most powerful protective agent, but some capacity for protection 

 was shown by all compounds with an linkage in the 11-position. 

 No differences in potency could be demonstrated between natural 

 and synthetic Compound A acetates. Maintenance of blood glucose 

 alone proved to be ineffective as a protective measure. 



