160 



-19^6- 



The definitions of "pyrogen-free" as a terra for solutions are 

 reviewed and standards are discussed. Pyrogen-free water is 

 easier to prepare than pyrogen-free saline solution, and the 

 authors conclude from such findings that NaCl per se is pyrogenlc. 



458. TODD, J. P. and MILNE, G. R. 



Tests on nonpyrogenic fluids 



Fharm. J. 156:157-158, 19^6 



The skill of the operator is considered to he higMy important 

 in the production of pyrogen-free intravenous solutions. Pyrogen 

 tests on tap water, distilled water, normal saline and dextrose 

 saline solutions are reviewed, 



459. TODD, J. P., MEARNS, J. T. and MILNE, G. R. 



Preparation of nonpyrogenic saline infusion fluids 



Pharm. J. 156:158-159, 19^6 



The pH of dextrose-^saline solutions bears an important relation- 

 ship to certain changes which lower standards set for such fluids, 



460. TONNESEN, M. and VESTERDAL, J. 



The pyrogenic effect of Danish penicillin (in English) 



Acta Pharm. Toxicol. 2:47-68, 1946 



These experiments were performed to determine whether the pyro- 

 genic effects of Danish penicillin could be tested in a manner 

 similar to that adopted in the U.S. P. XII. In rabbits, rectal 

 temperature increased after injection were used as a measure of 

 pyrogenicity; the same preparations were tested simultaneously 

 in therapeutic doses on both normal humans and those with gono- 

 coccal infections. Removal of pyrogen from the preparations was 

 attempted. With the test used in the United States, it was noted 

 that penicillins meeting the requirements did not usually cause 

 febrile reactions in humans, A marked reduction in pyrogen 

 concentrations could be obtained by filtration through the Seitz 

 equipment. Guinea pigs had no febrile responses to penicillin. 

 A large number died within 4 days from toxic conditions which 

 could not be correlated to the presence or absence of pyrogens. 



