27 



*** Dorsal Jin posterior, oblong, truncated at the end ? 

 Jaws curved up. Diodou, Lesson. 



Desmarest's Hyperoodon. Hyperoodon Desmarestii. 



Delphinus Desmarestii, Risso, Europ. Merid. iii. 24, /. 

 2,/ 3. F. Cuv. Cetac. 159. 



Inhab. Nice, common, March and September. 



" Steel-gray, with numerous, irregular, white streaks, 

 beneath while ; body thicker in the middle ; tail slender, 

 long, keeled, rounded on the belly; head not swollen, end- 

 ing in a long nose ; upper jaw shorter, toothless, lower 

 much longer, bent up, and with two large conical teeth at 

 the end ; teeth nicked near the tip ; the eyes small, oval ; 

 blowers large, semilunar ; pectoral fins short, dorsal rather 

 beyond the middle of the back, nearly above the vent; the 

 caudal fin broad, festooned. Length nearly lO feet. It 

 differs from D. Diodon of Hunter in the forehead not be- 

 ing swollen, and in the lower jaw being produced and bent 

 up, the pectoral being pointed, the dorsal more obtuse, and 

 the body being white-streaked." 



This species is only known by the above account ex- 

 tracted from Risso. F. Cuvier placed it in the restricted 

 genus Delphinus. Risso appears more correctly to have 

 compared it with Hijperoodon, but it diff'ers from that ge- 

 nus in several particulars, especially in the form of the 

 forehead and of the dorsal fin. 



Lesson (Tab. R. A. 200) forms of this species, with 

 Physeter hidens, Sowerby, the subgenus Diodon. 



The Heavy-headed Hyperoodon. Hyperoodon latifrons. 

 Tab. 



Skull large, heavy, solid, the reflexed part of the maxil- 

 lary bones very thick and thickened internally, so as nearly 

 to touch each other in front of the blower, much higher 

 than the hinder part of the skull. 



Inhab. North Sea. Orkneys, Brit. Mus. 



This head is so different from any of those figured by 

 Camper, Cuvier, Baussard &c., that I am inclined to con- 

 sider it as distinct. Its measurements are as follows : — 

 Length of skull (wanting the end) 62 inches. 

 Height of skull behind, .... 42 inches. 



Delphinus densirostris, Desm. Nouv. Diet. N. ix. 178. 

 Mam. 522, note. 



Only described from a fragment of a jaw, 9 inches long, 

 2-1- inches high, and 2 inches broad at the widest part, 

 straight, pyramidical, triangular at the end, and without 

 any teeth or cavity for any tooth in the lower jaw. It is 

 very heavj' and dense. Probably the end of a Hyperoodon. 



One of these species may probably be the Goose-beaked 

 Whale of Pontoppidan, Hist. Nat. Norway, chap. v. 123, 

 124,/. 



ZiPHius, Cuvier, Oss. Foss. 



Diodon, Lesson, Bell. Anodon, Lesson. 



Head contracted behind ; nose produced, not separated 

 from the forehead ; eyes moderate ; blowers on crown lu- 

 nate ; teeth two, large, compressed, in the middle of the 

 lower jaw ; throat with two diverging furrows ; body elon- 



gate; pectoral fins small, low down, oval, tapering; dorsal 

 falcate, behind the middle of the body ; skull-nose elongat- 

 ed, produced, keeled on each side ; skull-cavity small ; fore- 

 head high ; hinder wing of the maxilla ex]3anded, hori- 

 zontal; palate smooth ; lower jaw broad behind, narrowed 

 and bent down in front of the large lateral teeth. 



This genus is very like Delphi norhynchus, but is easily 

 known by the peculiar form and large size of the teeth in 

 the middle of each side of the lower jaw. Cuvier esta- 

 blished the genus on three fossil fragments of heads : 



1. Z. curvirostris, Cuv. Oss. Foss. v. 350, t. 27,/. 3. 



2. Z. latirostris, Cuv. Oss. Foss. v. 352, /. 27, /". 4—8. 



3. Z. longirostris, Cuv. Oss. Foss. v. 356, t. 27,/. 9, 10. 

 Cuvier remarks, describing the first head, that " cette 



tete a, comme on voit, de grands rapports avec le Cachalot, 

 et encore de plus grands avec I'Hyperoodon. Elle ne dif- 

 fere de ce dernier que parce que les maxillaires ne redres- 

 sent point sur les cotes du museau en cloisons verticales, 

 et que I'espece de mur de derriere les narines ne se borne pas 

 a s'elever verticalment, mais qu'il se recourbe pour former 

 un demi dome au dessus de les cavites." — Oss. Foss. v. 352. 



Sowerby's Ziphius. Ziphius Sowerbiensis. 

 Tab. 



Physeter bidens, Sowerby, Brit. Mis. t. Icon. ined. 

 Mus. Brit. t. 



Diodon bidens, Bell, Brit. Quad. ^91, fig. cop. Sowerby. 



Delphinus Sowerbii, Jardin, Nat. Lib. t. 12, cop. Sow- 

 erby. 



D. Sowerbiensis, Blainv. 



D. Sowerbeyi, Desm. 



Delphinorhvnchus bidens, Gray, Ann. Hg Mag. N. H. 

 1846. 



Black, gray beneath ; lower jaw moderately broad be- 

 hind, and gradually narrower and slightly bent down in 

 front of the teeth. 



Inhab. North Sea. Elginshire, Brodie, 1800. 



Length of entire animal 16 feet, circumference 11 feet. 



Besides the beautiful figure engi-aved in Sowerby's 

 ' British Miscellany,' there is a drawing of the head as sent 

 by Mr. Brodie, made by Mr. Sowerby, and exhibited by 

 him at one of Sir Joseph Banks's Sunday-evening parties, 

 now preserved in the Banksian collection in the British 

 Museum. The skull was preserved in Mr. Sowerby's 

 Museum, in Mead's Place, and when distributed at his 

 death, Mr. James Sowerby informs me it was jjurchased by 

 the Rev. Dr. Buckland, the Dean of Westminster, and 

 sent to one of the museums in Oxford. I have examined 

 these collections with Mr. Hugh Strickland, but have 

 not been able to discover it. Fortunately, while in Mr. 

 Sowerby's possession, M. De Blainville, when on a visit to 

 England, made a slight sketch of the skull, which I dis- 

 covered in his portfolio, and he has kindly sent me a 

 tracing of this sketch (which has been reduced in tab. 

 ), which has enabled me to determine that it be- 

 longs to the genus Ziphius of Cuvier, before only 

 known in a fossil state. Before I was so fortunate 

 as to discover the drawing of the skull, I was induced 

 to regard this species, from the lateral position of the 

 teeth, to be the same as the Delphinorhynchus microp- 



