Fossils Eroin the Miura Peninsula an<l its Immediate North. 3 



Diluvial and the clays, sands and gravels immediately below it 

 that of Lower Diluvial. 



Tokunaga, who examined these layers much later and more 

 extensively than Brauns, denies the presence of the lower line of 

 unconformability altogether, und moreover considers the shell 

 la}^ers which Brauns believed to be Pliocene as Diluvial or 

 Pleistocene. As far as the above said lower line of unconformability 

 is concerned, I am of the same opinion as Tokunaga. But as 

 regards the upper one to which Tokunaga makes no reference, I 

 perfectly concur with Brauns, only with this modification that the 

 line is often not only indistinct, but entirely absent, the loam and 

 the underlying marine beds being perfectly conformable with each 

 other. And this is, I believe, due to the deposition of loam 

 having taken place soon after the elevation of the marine beds 

 above the sea; in that case, we may assume that the surface of 

 the newly risen land in many places had not been sufficiently 

 gnawed by water previous to the deposition of loam so as to give 

 rise to the so-called line of unconformability. And such places 

 Ave have reason to expect most numerous near the sea-side and 

 also in the littoral regions. In fact, the loam is often underlaid 

 by clayey layers somewhat different in colour from it. These, I 

 believe, are nothing more than the same loam which has deposited 

 in places where there was more or less water. 



The marine series being very thick and containing fossils 

 almost throughout are probably divisible into many horizons. 

 But such divisions being at present impossible owing to the lack 

 of materials, I divide the whole series into only two parts, the 

 upper and the lower. The upper part is represented by the strata 

 exposed in the plain, including the shell layers of Oji, Tabata, 

 Shinagawa, etc., places lying in the immediate neighbourhood of 

 Tokyo. Remains of Elephas namadicus are not uncommon in this 



1) Fossils from the Environs of Tokyo (Journ. Coll. Sei., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, 1906, Vol. 

 XXI, Art. 2) p. 92. 



