Ill 



three diameters from the tip of the snout, and three- 

 quarters of a diameter from tlie corner of the mouth, whose 

 gape is equal to four diameters and three quarters. Pec- 

 toral very long, equal to three-fourths of the length of the 

 gape. 



Length 37 inches. To anus 16 inches. 



Hab. China. The British Museum possesses a dried 

 specimen which was presented to it by John Reeves, Esq. 



CoNGRUS BREVicusi'is. llichardson. 



Nasal disk bordered on its anterior half by about ten 

 moderately tall and sli-ong subulate acute teeth, and in the 

 middle of the disk there are nine small conical acute ones, 

 placed so as to represent a cross witli short lateral arms. 

 The depression of the vomerine ridge next the nasal bone 

 is considerable. Tlie nine principal vomerine teeth have 

 short acute middle cusps, with larger rounded lateral ones 

 than in protervus, and they are ilanked on each side by a 

 row of compressed, rounded, oblique cutting ones, neither 

 closely nor evenly set. The outer row of palatine teeth is 

 composed of evenly-set, conqjressed, obtuse cutting teeth. 

 The long elliptical dental plate is wholly covered uitli in- 

 numerable minute rounded teeth, without any snio')t]i 

 space in the middle. The palatine teeth abut against the 

 vomer at tlie sixth tuoth. The mandibular teeth are like 

 the vomerine ones, but they are not so regular, the alternate 

 ones being often, but not uniformly, lower. The outer 

 row is composed of even, close-set, semicircidar, sharj}- 

 edged small ones, applied to the base of the chief row, and 

 the inner ones can scarcely be detected. The disk at the 

 end of the mandible is armed by five or six acute, subulate, 

 marginal teeth, and three taller ones within on each side, 

 the posterior pair being high and stout. 



The eye is placed three diameters of the orbit from the 

 end of the snout, and a diameter before the corner of the 

 mouth, whose gape is equal to five diameters of the orbit. 

 The space between the eyes is transversely convex, and 

 its breadth rather exceeds the vertical diameter of the 

 orbit. The pectoral is elliptical and long, and the dorsal 

 commences over the gill-opening. 



Colour, in spirits, pale brown above, silvery beneath. 

 The fins silvery and black-edged. 



Length 23 inches. To anus Q\ inches. To gill-open- 

 ing 3'4 inches. Sjiecimen in the British Museum. 



Hab. Unknown. 



CoNGRUs HAMo. Schlegel. 



Conyrus hamo, Tenim. et Selil. Fauna Jap. p. 202, PI. 114, fig. 2. 



Jaws generally similar to those oi' protervus, but the na- 

 sal disk is less dilated, and the vomerine arch not so 

 curved. Nasal teeth about six, with small ones in the solt 

 parts between. Vomerine teeth, four or five small mesial 

 ones on the slightly depressed part of the ridge next the 



vomer. Six conspicuous tricuspid mesial ones on the 

 arch of the ridge, having small obtuse basal lobes. The 

 small teeth on each side of the mesial ones are close-set 

 and uniserial, but not very regularly so. Palatine dental 

 surface a long narrow ellipsis, as in protervus, and the 

 teeth very similar ; an outer regular row, a smooth space 

 in the middle, and an inner band two or three deep where 

 widest. The palatine teeth meet the vomer at the third 

 tooth. Mandibidar teeth like the vomerine ones, but the 

 principal series uneven, that is, there is a lower and less 

 shar]) tooth generally, but not uniformly, between each ]3air 

 of taller ones. The outer series of minute ones have chisel- 

 shaped, acute, oblique cusps, and form an incisorial row. 

 The inner ones are in a single row very close to the 

 bases of the principal series. The rounded dilatation at 

 the end of the mandible is armed on the margin by a series 

 of small teeth, and on each side within by three subulate 

 ones, the posterior one being the tallest. The dorsal be- 

 gins before the gill-opening. The snout is slender, and the 

 eyes are ]ilaced about two diameters and a quarter of the 

 orbit from the tip of the snout, and half a diameter anterior 

 to the corner of the mouth. Gill-rays about twelve in 

 number. Tlie colour of the specimen, which is preserved 

 in spirits, is jiale brown, minutely dotted with black ; the 

 sides and belly silvery. The fins also silvery, with black 

 edges. Lateral line a series of short tubes, with intervals 

 between them. 



Hab. Philippines. Specimen in the British Museum 

 obtained from Mr. Cuming. South-west coasts of Japan 

 [Fauna Japon.) 



CoNGRUS CURVIDENS. Ricliardson. 



Nasal teeth stoutly subulate, strouger than in other spe- 

 cies, ranged in a cluster without order, the tallest in the 

 middle, followed on the mesial line by four minute round 

 ones in two rows, which may be considered as the anterior 

 vomerine ones. The mesial row of tricuspid vomerine 

 teeth, placed on the ridge of the bone, which is arched, 

 have oblique curved cusps, and are close set. The lateral 

 cusps are small, round, and at the root of the tooth. Li 

 the posterior teeth the central cusps are worn down to the 

 level of the lateral ones. Small teeth on each side of the 

 principal series, rounded, not compressed, and of unequal 

 sizes, not disposed in rows, and seldom more than two 

 abreast. Palatine teeth of the principal row rounded on 

 the crowns, but generally with a mesial acute line : there 

 is an irregular row of minute granular teeth on the outside, 

 and a band of two or three on the inside, with a furrow be- 

 tween thein and the main series. The palatines abut 

 against the vomer at the sixth tooth. The mandibidar 

 teeth, instead of being like the vomerine ones, as in the 

 preceding species, more resemble the palatine teeth in the 

 ]irincipal series ; and there is also a row of uneven granu- 

 lar teeth on the outside, and two irregular rows on the in- 

 side. Twelve subulate but not very acute teeth border 

 the end of the mandible, and there are two taller subulate 

 ones within the half circle on each side. 



Eye large, placed a diameter and a half of the orbit from 



