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INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



birds — cont'd 



sclera in, 441, 642-644 



ossicles of, 270-271, 274, 280, 441, 

 643-644 



visual acuity of, 169-170, 172-174, 206- 

 209, 216, 307-310, 642, 661-662 

 compared with human, 661-662, 689 



visual cells of, 54, 176, 195, 215-216, 588, 

 611, 621, 660-661, 675, 692 (en- 

 try for p. 195) 

 oil-droplets of, 102, 191-193, 196-197, 

 201,203 



visual fields of, 289-291, 295-296, 300, 

 307-319, 309, 320, 323 

 Birukow, 492-494 

 Bit is (reptile: a viperid snake) 



binocular field of, 294 



visual cells of, 639-640 



zonule of, 630 

 bitterns 



area; and fovea of, 187, 307 



freezing pxasture of, 296, 309 



visual fields of, 296 

 Black, 312 



black skimmer: Rynchops, q.v. 

 blackbird. Brewer's: Euphagus, q.v. 

 blackfish: Centra pristes, q.v. 

 BlSsser, 498 

 blennies 



accommodation in, 261, 272 



amphibious habits in, 431-434 



dorsal binocular field in, 293 



falciform process of, 582 

 Blennius (teleost: blenny) 



accommodation in, 261 



fixation by, 324 



fovea in, 304 



visual-cell mosaic in, 587 

 Blessig, cysts of, 10 

 Blicca (teleost), retinal tapetum lucidum of, 



236 

 Bliccopsis (teleost), retinal tapetum lucidum 



of, 692 (entry for p. 236) 

 blind spot (see scotoma) 

 blinking reflex (see lids) 

 blue shark: Prionace, q.v. 

 blue-blindness 99* 

 bluegill sunfish: Lepomis, q.v. 

 boas: Boidee (in part), q.v. 

 Boida (reptiles: boa -t- python family) 



canal of Schlemm in, 629-630 



fossorial, spectacles of, 450 



habits of, 201 



legs in, 138 



lens in, 630 



pupil in, 220, 225 



retina in, 167, 636, 689 



sclera in, 627 



visual cells of, 61, 636, 689 



vitreal vessels of, 654 

 Boleophthalmus (teleost: mud-skipper), eyes 



and habits of, 431-432 

 Boll, 74, 100 



Bombina (amphibian: fire-bellied toad), 

 bones [pupil of, 161, 223-224 



circumorbital, 271, 274, 381 



conjunctival, 569 



of sclera (see sclera, ossicular ring of; 

 Gemminger) 

 boobies: Morus, Sula, qq.v. 

 Bornemeier, 510 

 borzoi, visual hunting by, 345 

 Bos (mammal: domestic cattle) 



color vision in, 466, 505 



interpupillary distance of, 327 



optic axes in, 297 



rhodopsin of, 373 



tapetum lucidum of, 232 



taxonomic position of, 676 



visual field of, 298 

 Bothida (teleosts: left-handed flounders), 

 sessile eyes and pupillary opercula 

 of, 386 

 bottom fishes, adaptations of, 384-387, 453 

 Boveri, eye-origin theory of, 125-126, 128 

 bower-birds, color-interest of, 466 

 bowfin: Amia, q.v. 



Bowman, membrane of, 8, 644, 667, 672, 678 

 Box (teleost) 



binocular field of, 292 



color vision of, 476-478 

 box turtle: Testudo, q.v. 

 Brachycephalida (amphibians: an anuran fam- 

 ily), oil-droplets in (?), 599-600 

 brain, visual involvements and structures of 



(see visual pathway, central); 5 

 Brauer, 403 



bream, European: Abramis, q.v. 

 Brecher, 515 



Brevicipitidae (amphibians: an anuran fam- 

 ily), pupils in, 223 

 brightness: subjective connotation of photic 

 energy or intensity, q.v.; 80* 



binocular, 331-332 



constancy of, 530-531 



discrimination of, 471-472, 487 



distinctness of, from saturation, 84-85, 96 



enhancement of, by tapetum lucidum, 230 



indicated by pupil, 500 



reference of, to intensity, 247 



spectral distribution of, 76, 87', 96, 101- 



Purkinje phenomenon and, 87-88 [ 1 02 

 Brotulida (teleosts) 



blindness in, 388, 399 



habits and distribution of, 388 



spectacles in, 450 



